Single-bead arrays for fluorescence-based immunoassays on capillary-driven microfluidic chips

Yuksel Temiz; Michel Lim; Emmanuel Delamarche

doi:10.1117/12.2212121

21 March 2016 Single-bead arrays for fluorescence-based immunoassays on capillary-driven microfluidic chips

Yuksel Temiz, Michel Lim, Emmanuel Delamarche

Proceedings Volume 9705, Microfluidics, BioMEMS, and Medical Microsystems XIV; 97050Z (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2212121
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2016, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

We report a concept for the simple fabrication of easy-to-use chips for immunoassays in the context of point-of-care diagnostics. The chip concept comprises mainly three features: (1) the efficient integration of reagents using beads functionalized with receptors, (2) the generation of capillary-driven liquid flows without using external pumps, and (3) a high-sensitivity detection of analytes using fluorescence microscopy. We fabricated prototype chips using dry etching of Si wafers. 4.5-μm-diameter beads were integrated into hexagonal arrays by sedimentation and removing the excess using a stream of water. We studied the effect of different parameters and showed that array occupancies from 30% to 50% can be achieved by pipetting a 250 nL droplet of 1% bead solution and allowing the beads sediment for 3 min. Chips with integrated beads were sealed using a 50-μm-thick dry-film resist laminated at 45 °C. Liquids pipetted to loading pads were autonomously pulled by capillary pumps at a rate of 0.35 nL s^-1 for about 30 min. We studied ligand-receptor interactions and binding kinetics using time-lapse fluorescence microscopy and demonstrated a 5 pM limit of detection (LOD) for an anti-biotin immunoassay. As a clinically-relevant example, we implemented an immunoassay to detect prostate specific antigen (PSA) and showed an LOD of 108 fM (i.e. 3.6 pg mL^-1). While a specific implementation is provided here for the detection of PSA, we believe that combining capillary-driven microfluidics with arrays of single beads and fluorescence readout to be very flexible and sufficiently sensitive for the detection of other clinically-relevant analytes.

Conference Presentation

Citation Download Citation

Yuksel Temiz, Michel Lim, and Emmanuel Delamarche "Single-bead arrays for fluorescence-based immunoassays on capillary-driven microfluidic chips", Proc. SPIE 9705, Microfluidics, BioMEMS, and Medical Microsystems XIV, 97050Z (21 March 2016); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2212121

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