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Crystalline materials with suppressed impurity concentrations are essential elements for efficient solid-state laser cooling based on anti-Stokes fluorescence. So far, fluoride single crystals doped with rare earth ions have been demonstrated as efficient laser cooling media. We report on our growth activities on high purity rare-earth-doped fluoride single crystals for this specific application. We grew a variety of fluoride crystals doped with ytterbium by the Czochralski method. These crystals are studied by temperature-dependent spectroscopy to fully reveal their potential as laser cooling media. The cooling efficiency of the grown crystals is directly evaluated in a laser-induced cooling setup in vacuo.
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Hiroki Tanaka, Stefan Püschel, Felix Mauerhoff, Sascha Kalusniak, Christian Kränkel, "Growth of highly pure fluoride crystals for laser cooling," Proc. SPIE PC12018, Photonic Heat Engines: Science and Applications IV, PC1201801 (9 March 2022); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2611505