Double-integrating-sphere (DIS) measurement is a common method for characterizing phantom and tissue optical properties, but can display low accuracy. To investigate the sources of errors, a digital twin based on Monte Carlo simulations and sphere corrections was built. We compared simulation and measurement results of phantoms with known optical properties, and identified error sources. After minimizing these sources, the average errors were reduced to -1% and 2.44% in the absorption and reduced scattering coefficient estimates respectively, highlighting the potential to achieve high accuracy in optical property estimation using a relatively low-cost measurement approach.
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