Optical systems must operate and survive in the presence of dynamic loads of various forms. Spaceborne instruments, for example, need to be designed to survive random vibration and acoustic loads during launch, shock loads from pyrotechnic devices during separation events, and operate in the presence of harmonic and random disturbances from the host satellite. Optical systems on airborne platforms are exposed to dynamic loads from gusts, engine disturbances, and air turbulence. Terrestrial sensors are subject to wind and seismic excitations. Additional sources of vibration for optical systems include dynamic forces from moving internal components. Managing dynamic disturbances and their effects on pointing stability, image quality, and structural integrity requires understanding and characterizing the dynamic behavior of the optical system. Mitigation strategies include modifications to the structural design along with the use of passive vibration and active stabilization techniques to reduce, attenuate, or correct the dynamic response to meet system requirements.