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6 July 2015 Three-dimensional imaging and uptake of the anticancer drug combretastatin in cell spheroids and photoisomerization in gels with multiphoton excitation
Kathrin M. Scherer, Roger H. Bisby, Stanley W. Botchway, John A. Hadfield, John W. Haycock, Anthony W. Parker
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Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 7, 078003 (July 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.20.7.078003
Abstract
The uptake of E-combretastatins, potential prodrugs of the anticancer Z-isomers, into multicellular spheroids has been imaged by intrinsic fluorescence in three dimensions using two-photon excited fluorescence lifetime imaging with 625-nm ultrafast femtosecond laser pulses. Uptake is initially observed at the spheroid periphery but extends to the spheroid core within 30 min. Using agarose gels as a three-dimensional model, the conversion of Z(trans)→E(cis) via two-photon photoisomerization is demonstrated and the location of this photochemical process may be precisely selected within the micron scale in all three dimensions at depths up to almost 2 mm. We discuss these results for enhanced tissue penetration at longer near-infrared wavelengths for cancer therapy and up to three-photon excitation and imaging using 930-nm laser pulses with suitable combretastatin analogs.
CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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Kathrin M. Scherer, Roger H. Bisby, Stanley W. Botchway, John A. Hadfield, John W. Haycock, and Anthony W. Parker "Three-dimensional imaging and uptake of the anticancer drug combretastatin in cell spheroids and photoisomerization in gels with multiphoton excitation," Journal of Biomedical Optics 20(7), 078003 (6 July 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.20.7.078003
Published: 6 July 2015
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Cited by 12 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Luminescence
Tumors
3D image processing
Absorption
3D modeling
Fluorescence lifetime imaging
Confocal microscopy
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