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8 February 2016 Pulsed photoacoustic flow imaging with a handheld system
Pim J. van den Berg, Khalid Daoudi, Wiendelt Steenbergen
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Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 21, Issue 2, 026004 (February 2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.21.2.026004
Abstract
Flow imaging is an important technique in a range of disease areas, but estimating low flow speeds, especially near the walls of blood vessels, remains challenging. Pulsed photoacoustic flow imaging can be an alternative since there is little signal contamination from background tissue with photoacoustic imaging. We propose flow imaging using a clinical photoacoustic system that is both handheld and portable. The system integrates a linear array with 7.5 MHz central frequency in combination with a high-repetition-rate diode laser to allow high-speed photoacoustic imaging—ideal for this application. This work shows the flow imaging performance of the system in vitro using microparticles. Both two-dimensional (2-D) flow images and quantitative flow velocities from 12 to 75  mm/s were obtained. In a transparent bulk medium, flow estimation showed standard errors of ∼7% the estimated speed; in the presence of tissue-realistic optical scattering, the error increased to 40% due to limited signal-to-noise ratio. In the future, photoacoustic flow imaging can potentially be performed in vivo using fluorophore-filled vesicles or with an improved setup on whole blood.
CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
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Pim J. van den Berg, Khalid Daoudi, and Wiendelt Steenbergen "Pulsed photoacoustic flow imaging with a handheld system," Journal of Biomedical Optics 21(2), 026004 (8 February 2016). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.21.2.026004
Published: 8 February 2016
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Cited by 10 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Imaging systems
Particles
Photoacoustic spectroscopy
Photoacoustic imaging
Scattering
Tissue optics
Signal to noise ratio
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