Emission properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters: analysis based on a four-level model considering a higher triplet excited state

Takashi Kobayashi; Akitsugu Niwa; Shota Haseyama; Kensho Takaki; Takashi Nagase; Kenichi Goushi; Chihaya Adachi; Hiroyoshi Naito

doi:10.1117/1.JPE.8.032104

20 February 2018 Emission properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters: analysis based on a four-level model considering a higher triplet excited state

Takashi Kobayashi, Akitsugu Niwa, Shota Haseyama, Kensho Takaki, Takashi Nagase, Kenichi Goushi, Chihaya Adachi, Hiroyoshi Naito

Author Affiliations +

Journal of Photonics for Energy, Vol. 8, Issue 3, 032104 (February 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.8.032104

Abstract

A four-level model consisting of a higher triplet excited state (T2), the lowest singlet and triplet excited states (S1 and T1), and the ground state was previously used to understand emission properties of a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitter, 1,2,3,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzIPN). In this report, we discuss the four-level model in more detail and apply to the other two TADF emitters, i.e., 1,2,4,5-tetrakis(carbazol-9-yl)-3,6-dicyanobenzene (4CzTPN) and 1,2-bis(carbazol-9-yl)-4,5-dicyanobenzene (2CzPN), in order to determine their excited-state structures. It is suggested that in all the emitters T2 lies between S1 and T1 and play an essential role in the emitting process. In 4CzTPN, phosphorescence from T2 is clearly observed around 100 K as in 4CzIPN. Compared to the other two emitters, 2CzPN has a wider energy gap between S1 and T1 so that delayed fluorescence at room temperature is thought to be mixed with phosphorescence. Because of this mixing, the spectrum characteristic of phosphorescence from T2 in 2CzPN cannot be identified.

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Takashi Kobayashi, Akitsugu Niwa, Shota Haseyama, Kensho Takaki, Takashi Nagase, Kenichi Goushi, Chihaya Adachi, and Hiroyoshi Naito "Emission properties of thermally activated delayed fluorescence emitters: analysis based on a four-level model considering a higher triplet excited state," Journal of Photonics for Energy 8(3), 032104 (20 February 2018). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JPE.8.032104

Received: 26 November 2017; Accepted: 25 January 2018; Published: 20 February 2018

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