Effects of macro-bending on 1500-nm amplified spontaneous emission, gain, and noise figure of erbium-gallium co-doped fiber

Leong Chia Jian; Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid; Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar

doi:10.1117/1.OE.54.12.126109

18 December 2015 Effects of macro-bending on 1500-nm amplified spontaneous emission, gain, and noise figure of erbium-gallium co-doped fiber

Leong Chia Jian, Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid, Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar

Author Affiliations +

Optical Engineering, Vol. 54, Issue 12, 126109 (December 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.54.12.126109

Abstract

The relationships among macro-bending loss, power of the 1500-nm amplified spontaneous emission (ASE), gain, and noise figure of an erbium-gallium co-doped silica fiber amplifier are investigated and explained. The dependence of macro-bending loss on different bending radii is examined. Using different fiber lengths and bending radii, the effects of macro-bending on ASE, gain, and noise figure are analyzed in comparison to an unbent fiber. The ASE power changes because macro-bending alters the number of Er³⁺ ions in the ⁴I_13/2 level that decay to the ⁴I_15/2 level emitting photons of shorter and longer wavelengths. The trade-off relationship that exists between the change in the ASE power and signal loss, where both result from macro-bending, explains the gain change. Fiber length also affects the changes in the ASE power and gain. Noise figure in the longer-wavelength region increases. In the shorter-wavelength region, for a long fiber, the noise figure improves only slightly. For a short fiber, it worsens due to gain decrement. The findings from this study explain the reason for gain improvement upon suppressing either a competing or a noncompeting ASE via filters or macro-bending in other rare-earth-doped fibers.

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Leong Chia Jian, Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid, and Mohd Ridzuan Mokhtar "Effects of macro-bending on 1500-nm amplified spontaneous emission, gain, and noise figure of erbium-gallium co-doped fiber," Optical Engineering 54(12), 126109 (18 December 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.54.12.126109

Published: 18 December 2015

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