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The integrated radiance of several types of flashbulbs has been measured and compared with the maximum permissible exposure for published laser standards. At close distances several flashbulb types have integrated radiance values that exceed those allowed for lasers.
B. F. Hochheimer andJ. L. Calkins
"The Integrate Radiance of Flashbulbs," Optical Engineering 16(2), 162212 (1 April 1977). https://doi.org/10.1117/12.7972101
Published: 1 April 1977
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