Open Access
4 January 2021 Five-wavelength optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy of blood and lymphatic vessels
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Abstract

Optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy (OR-PAM) has been developed for anatomical, functional, and molecular imaging but usually requires multiple scanning for different contrasts. We present five-wavelength OR-PAM for simultaneous imaging of hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, blood flow speed, and lymphatic vessels in single raster scanning. We develop a five-wavelength pulsed laser via stimulated Raman scattering. The five pulsed wavelengths, i.e., 532, 545, 558, 570, and 620  /  640  nm, are temporally separated by several hundreds of nanoseconds via different optical delays in fiber. Five photoacoustic images at these wavelengths are simultaneously acquired in a single scanning. The 532- and 620  /  640-nm wavelengths are used to image the blood vessels and dye-labeled lymphatic vessels. The blood flow speed is measured by a dual-pulse method. The oxygen saturation is calculated and compensated for by the Grüneisen-relaxation effect. In vivo imaging of hemoglobin concentration, oxygen saturation, blood flow speed, and lymphatic vessels is demonstrated in preclinical applications of cancer detection, lymphatic clearance monitoring, and functional brain imaging.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
Chao Liu, Jiangbo Chen, Yachao Zhang, Jingyi Zhu, and Lidai Wang "Five-wavelength optical-resolution photoacoustic microscopy of blood and lymphatic vessels," Advanced Photonics 3(1), 016002 (4 January 2021). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.AP.3.1.016002
Received: 12 October 2020; Accepted: 11 December 2020; Published: 4 January 2021
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CITATIONS
Cited by 45 scholarly publications.
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KEYWORDS
Lymphatic system

Blood circulation

Blood

Oxygen

Arteries

Veins

Photoacoustic microscopy

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