5 August 2021 Ensemble-based approach for semisupervised learning in remote sensing
Miguel Plazas, Raúl Ramos-Pollán, Fabio Martínez
Author Affiliations +
Abstract

Semisupervised learning (SSL) techniques explore the progressive discovery of the hidden latent data structure by propagating supervised information on unlabeled data, which are thereafter used to reinforce learning. These schemes are beneficial in remote sensing, where thousands of new images are added every day, and manual labeling results are prohibitive. Our work introduces an ensemble-based semisupervised deep learning approach that initially takes a subset of labeled data Dl, which represents the latent structure of the data and progressively propagates labels automatically from an expanding set of unlabeled data Du. The ensemble is a set of classifiers whose predictions are collated to derive a consolidated prediction. Only those data having a high-confidence prediction are considered as newly generated labels. The proposed approach was exhaustively validated on four public datasets, achieving appreciable results compared to the state-of-the-art methods in most of the evaluated configurations. For all datasets, the proposed approach achieved a classification F1-score and recall of up to 90%, on average. The SSL and recursive scheme also demonstrated an average gain of ∼2  %   at the last training stage in such large datasets.

© 2021 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) 1931-3195/2021/$28.00 © 2021 SPIE
Miguel Plazas, Raúl Ramos-Pollán, and Fabio Martínez "Ensemble-based approach for semisupervised learning in remote sensing," Journal of Applied Remote Sensing 15(3), 034509 (5 August 2021). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JRS.15.034509
Received: 17 March 2021; Accepted: 22 July 2021; Published: 5 August 2021
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Cited by 1 scholarly publication.
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KEYWORDS
Remote sensing

Visualization

Solid state lighting

Data modeling

Electroluminescence

Statistical modeling

Scene classification

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