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28 April 2015 Quantum dot imaging in the second near-infrared optical window: studies on reflectance fluorescence imaging depths by effective fluence rate and multiple image acquisition
Yebin Jung, Sanghwa Jeong, Won Nayoun, Boeun Ahn, Jungheon Kwag, Sang Geol Kim, Sungjee Kim
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Journal of Biomedical Optics, Vol. 20, Issue 4, 046012 (April 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.20.4.046012
Abstract
Quantum dot (QD) imaging capability was investigated by the imaging depth at a near-infrared second optical window (SOW; 1000 to 1400 nm) using time-modulated pulsed laser excitations to control the effective fluence rate. Various media, such as liquid phantoms, tissues, and in vivo small animals, were used and the imaging depths were compared with our predicted values. The QD imaging depth under excitation of continuous 20  mW/cm2 laser was determined to be 10.3 mm for 2 wt% hemoglobin phantom medium and 5.85 mm for 1 wt% intralipid phantom, which were extended by more than two times on increasing the effective fluence rate to 2000  mW/cm2. Bovine liver and porcine skin tissues also showed similar enhancement in the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) values. A QD sample was inserted into the abdomen of a mouse. With a higher effective fluence rate, the CNR increased more than twofold and the QD sample became clearly visualized, which was completely undetectable under continuous excitation. Multiple acquisitions of QD images and averaging process pixel by pixel were performed to overcome the thermal noise issue of the detector in SOW, which yielded significant enhancement in the imaging capability, showing up to a 1.5 times increase in the CNR.
© 2015 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE) 1083-3668/2015/$25.00 © 2015 SPIE
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Yebin Jung, Sanghwa Jeong, Won Nayoun, Boeun Ahn, Jungheon Kwag, Sang Geol Kim, and Sungjee Kim "Quantum dot imaging in the second near-infrared optical window: studies on reflectance fluorescence imaging depths by effective fluence rate and multiple image acquisition," Journal of Biomedical Optics 20(4), 046012 (28 April 2015). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.20.4.046012
Published: 28 April 2015
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KEYWORDS
Tissues
Near infrared
Luminescence
Image enhancement
Liquids
Quantum dots
Image processing
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