Significance: Reflection Mueller matrix imaging is suitable for characterizing the microstructure of bulk specimens and probing dynamic processes in living animals, there are always demands for speed and accuracy for such applications to avoid possible artifacts and reveal a sample’s intrinsic properties.

Aim: To demonstrate a design of collinear reflection Mueller matrix fast imaging microscope based on dual division of focal plane (DoFP) polarimeters (DoFPs-CRMMM) which has high measurement speed and accuracy.

Approach: In DoFPs-CRMMM, to improve the measurement speed, we applied the dual DoFP polarimeters design on the collinear reflection system for the first time to achieve fast imaging in about 2 s. To improve the measurement accuracy, we improved the double-pass eigenvalue calibration method (dp-ECM) by background light correction, and explored the optimization of the set of reference samples.

Results: DoFPs-CRMMM was applied to measure the standard polarization samples and monitor the tissue optical clearing process of an artificial layered bulk tissue. Results show that the system has satisfactory performance which can capture the variation of polarization properties during the dynamic process.

Conclusions: We present the establishment and demo application of DoFPs-CRMMM. The measurement speed can be further accelerated for potential applications in monitoring dynamic processes or living biomedical systems.