In this work, we investigate the spectral and polarization characteristics of a vacuum photosensor with a nanoscale molybdenum blade as a sensing element. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of the optical fields in the sensor and the photocurrent produced by laser beam irradiation in the range of wavelengths from the visible to the near infrared are presented. The existence of a photo-response far beyond the red threshold of the classical photoelectric effect is ensured by the localization of an external strong electrostatic field. Features of the field interaction of radiation with a molybdenum blade cause the registered spectral non-monotonicity of the photocurrent value, which corresponds to the results of theoretical studies. The ballistic transport of electrons in a vacuum is characterized by a high speed. Achieved results made the photosensor based on nanoscale molybdenum blade promising in the development of ultrafast vacuum micro and nanoelectronic devices.
In this work, we describe the technology and design of planar multilayer structure. It is used as a sensitive element of the vacuum photosensor. Metal and dielectric layers are of nanoscale thickness. It is shown that the use of a thin molybdenum blade in the structure ensures the localization of the electrostatic field and increases the photosensitivity of the vacuum sensor. Submicron inter-electrode gaps provide a short transit time of the electron beam caused by the action of a light pulse. The ballistic transport of electrons in a vacuum is characterized by a high speed.
The paper provides a justification and a comparative analysis of the scaling directions of the developed and investigated planar triode field emission cathode unit with the aim of increasing the maximum field current density up to 0.75 A-cm-2 without sacrificing durability. The design features of the vacuum device with a planar structure provided low-voltage control - at 150 V in the mode of long-term durability and not more than 250 V in the mode of the maximum permissible emission current.
The phenomenon of electron tunnel photoemission from the DLC film structure is discussed. Planar multi-electrode structure provides formation of zones of localization the electrostatic field of a certain topology. Under the influence of a strong electrostatic field, both equilibrium and nonequilibrium (photoexcited or "hot") electrons tunnel into the vacuum from the zone of concentration of electrostatic field. The results of experimental studies and theoretical simulations of the process show the saturation of photoemission current component with an increase in operating voltage. This fact makes it possible to realize the high-speed control of the spectral sensitivity of the photosensor. This is fundamentally important for applications in the modern electronic and photonic devices.
Multiple factors and their impact on the stability of DLC field emission structures are discussed in the present work. Planar multi-electrode structures, in which the formation of zones of localization the electrostatic field of a certain topology performed, are examined. Estimates carried out demonstrated the existence of an effective solution for creating reliable and durable vacuum devices for electronics and photonics. Conclusions are confirmed by the results of experimental studies. Samples of devices showed an average current density of field emission 0.30-0.35 A/cm2.
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