A novel acousto-optic modulation mechanism will be addressed in this paper. Focused Gaussian beam passing through acousto-optic media experiences different refractive index regions arising from acoustic waves generated by ultrasonic source. In this way according to the snell’s law of refraction the beam propagation path will be altered when these periodic traveling waves reach the incoming radiation where a typical p-n junction photodiode located inside the rising or falling lobe of the undiffracted Gaussian beam senses these small lateral deflections. Due to small variations of the refractive index the magnitude of deflection will be up to tens of micron outside the modulator. Hence, sharp intensity gradient is required for detecting such small beam movements by appropriate lens configuration to focus the Gaussian profile on the detector junction area. In the other words intensity profile of zero order beam oscillates proportional to the time dependent amplitude of the acoustic waves versus previous methods that intensity of diffracted beam changes with applied ultrasonic intensity. The extracted signal properties depend on the beam collimation, quality of beam profile and depth of focus inside the modulator. The first experimental approach was proceeded using a collimated 532 nm diode laser source (TEM00), distilled water as interaction media and 10 MHz transducer as ultrasonic generator where a cylindrical glass column with input-output flat windows was used for liquid support. The present method has advantages over common acoustooptical techniques as low cost, simplicity of operation, direct modulation of the signal and minimum alignment requirement.
KEYWORDS: Modulation, Modulators, Telecommunications, Free space optical communications, Photodiodes, Analog electronics, Sensors, Transmission electron microscopy, Laser systems engineering, Distortion
In this research a novel modulation technique for free-space laser communication system called Intensity Position Modulation (IPM) is carried out. According to TEM00 mode of a laser beam and by linear fitting on the Gaussian function as an approximation, the variation of linear part on the reverse biased pn photodiode produced alternating currents which contain the information. Here, no characteristic property of the beam as intensity or frequency is changed and only the beam position moves laterally. We demonstrated that in this method no bandwidth is required, so it is possible to reduce the background radiation noise by narrowband filtering of the carrier. The fidelity of the analog voice communication system which is made upon the IPM is satisfactory and we are able to transmit the audio signals up to 1Km.
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