We present an analysis of variations in the total ozone content (TOC); the analysis is based on monitoring data from OMI-based observations. The analysis is confined to the territory of Russian Federation, within which the TOC variations are considered, in both latitude and longitude, with the consideration of specific features of TOC measurements poleward of the polar circle. For certain observation sites we calculated and presented autocorrelation functions, which, like standard deviation (variance), give an idea on TOC variations or TOC nonuniformities.
We present the time series of the total ozone content (TOC) over Tomsk, obtained using three independent spectrophotometers, and carry out their comparative analysis. Comparison of measurements by these instruments shows that they well correlate in terms of the pronounced variations, arising in time behaviors; but the amplitudes of the bursts differ. On the whole, we can note that the TOC values, obtained using IAO instrument, exceed those from two other instruments, TOC values from NASA instrument being the lowest. These smallest TOC values are especially apparent for the summer and fall periods.
We analyze the annual variations in the total ozone content (TOC) over Tomsk in period of 1994-2017 and integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient (IABC) in period of 2000-2016, obtained using M-124 ozonometer and lidar method respectively. The correlation coefficient between these time series turned out to be -0.23, indicating that, although localized in the same altitude range, these time series are uncorrelated. Study of annual behaviors, formed from these time series, showed that TOC can be fitted by the function sin, while IABC by the function cos. At the same time, both functions depend on a single parameter, i.e., time. These functional relationships constitute the parametric equation of circle on the plane. This allowed us to conclude that the variations of these atmospheric constituents are formed mainly in two perpendicular directions.
We presented the time series of the total ozone (TO) content and integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient in the stratosphere, obtained at the Siberian Lidar Station in Tomsk. They are analyzed with the purpose of identifying, in their spectra, of inertial turbulence scale, at which the energy of variations, from large toward small scales, should decay according to the -5/3 law, with associated inner and outer turbulence scales. For TO time series it was found that the linear section is fit by straight line with the slope of -1.23, rather than -1.67 as it would in obedience to the Kolmogorov- Obukhov law. It is hypothesized that photochemical reactions of ozone formation serve as an additional energy source in inertial interval.
We presented the time series (1994-2017) of the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk, obtained using M-124 ozonometer. These data were used to compose the average annual behavior. After the TO time series was processed to remove the annual oscillations, its variations were examined for a normality of the distribution. Annual and semiannual TO variations have been manifested in the Fourier spectrum. Application of simpler methods of statistical analysis allowed us to identify the quasibiennial oscillations.
We present the annual variations in the total ozone (TO) content over Tomsk in the period of 1994-2017, obtained using М-124 ozonometer, and in the integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient in the period of 2000-2016. Their analysis made it possible to formulate the notion of seasonal behavior of these constituents and to compare their variations with the processes in “charging”/“discharging” capacitor.
We present the results of statistical analysis of time series of integrated (over stratosphere) aerosol backscattering coefficient, obtained at the Siberian Lidar Station in the period 2000-2016. The analysis had the following purposes: to identify the distribution functions of variations on the basis of histograms of experimental values; to determine the time intervals of interrelation in the total aerosol content on the basis of autocorrelation functions; to extract the periodic components in the time series with the use of procedures of fast Fourier transform.
The time behavior of integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient (BAπ) in the stratosphere is presented for the entire 30-year period of its laser sensing at Siberian Lidar Station, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences in Tomsk. In the time behavior of this parameter, we identified a quasi-homogeneous interval of 2000-2016, the analysis of which is presented in this report. The main processes, determining the aerosol loading of the mid-latitude stratosphere, are identified. Annual variations of stratospheric aerosol loading are presented in detail, which are used to compile the seasonal behavior of mid-latitude aerosol loading for this period.
Based on analysis of data of lidar, spectrophotometric, and satellite measurements of integrated content of stratospheric
ozone and aerosol for period 1986-2002 for observation site in Tomsk (56.48°N, 85.05°E), earlier we showed the
presence of quasibiennial oscillation (QBO) of variations of their integrated content. The report analyzes data of lidar
measurements of ozone and aerosol vertical distributions for background stratospheric state under conditions of extended
volcanically quiet period 1996-2005. For analysis, we averaged profiles corresponding to easterly and westerly QBO
phases, which were determined from monthly mean zonal wind components in the equatorial stratosphere. Larger
aerosol content is observed in westerly QBO phases, and larger ozone content in easterly phases, in correspondence with
views on general stratospheric circulation. Differences are most marked in the lower stratosphere, up to heights about 22
km. In the lower stratosphere, we also observe insignificantly larger aerosol content in winter-spring than summer-fall
period. The presence of seasonality and quasibiennial oscillation, with increase of aerosol content at midlatitudes in
periods of intensification of winter-spring meridional transport from tropical belt to midlatitudes and in westerly QBO
phases, is an evidence in favor of hypothesis on the presence of tropical reservoir of background stratospheric aerosol.
We analyze the data of measurements of the optical characteristics of stratospheric aerosol layer (SAL), obtained at the
Siberian Lidar Station of lAO SB RAS in Tomsk (56°N, 85°E). The data are considered in comparison with results of
previous years of observations in Tomsk and at other midlatitude stations of the Northern Hemisphere. The results
characterize SAL state in extended volcanically quiet period. The last explosive volcanic eruption was observed in June
1991 (volcano Pinatubo). For the first time such a SAL state is studied using modem ground-based and satellite
measurement facilities. The results of observations show that the background levels of the natural aerosols in the
stratosphere may be lower than was considered earlier. The anthropogenic growth of background stratospheric aerosol
content is not observed. The presence of seasonality and quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO), with a characteristic increase
of aerosol content at midlatitudes in periods of intensification of winter-spring meridional transport from tropical belt to
midlatitudes and in westerly QBO phases, is an evidence in favor of hypothesis about the presence of tropical reservoir
of not only volcanic but also background stratospheric aerosol.
Lidar network CIS-LiNet has been established by lidar teams from Belarus, Russia and Kyrgyz Republic. Its objective
is carrying out lidar observation coordinated at the territory from Minsk to Vladivostok in cooperation with EARLINET
and AD-Net. During network developing lidar stations will be provided with sun radiometers and will be included in the
global radiometric network AERONET.
The following stations constitute CIS-LiNetL at the first stage of the network formation:
- Stationary lidar stations in Minsk, Moscow, Surgut, Tomsk, Vladivostok,
- Alpine stationary lidar station in Teplokiuchenka in Central Asia, Kyrgyz Republic
- Seasonal lidar station on the base of a mobile lidar at the Lake Baikal
- Shipboard lidar in Vladivostok
All stations will carry out aerosol observations in the troposphere and stratosphere. Two stations in Minsk and Tomsk
will implement ozone sounding in the stratosphere layer.
Discrepancies of the lidar equipment, methods of data processing and software, methodology of implementation of
scientific tasks are presented.
At Siberian Lidar Station (SLS) in Institute of Atmospheric Optics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk (56.5 °N; 85.1°E) we perform regular lidar measurements of the profiles of vertical distribution of optical characteristics of stratospheric aerosol at wavelength 532 nm with receiving telescope of a diameter of 03. m. The temperature profile is measured in the altitude interval 10-70 km: from molecular backscattering signal at wavelength 532 nm in altitude range 30-70 km and from signal of Raman scattering by nitrogen at wavelength 607 nm in altitude range 10-30 km with receiving telescope of a diameter 2.2m. In this paper we analyze the data of long-term (since 1986) lidar observations of stratospheric aerosol layer, performed at Siberian Lidar Station and data of expedition measurements in summer-fall periods of 2001-3003, obtained in Siberian region from middle to subpolar latitudes (from 52° to 69°N and from 73° to 106° E). Main attention is paid to analysis of data of last years of measurements obtained under conditions of “new” background period of long-term absence of explosive volcanic eruptions (last observed in June 1991).
We demonstrated the presence of quasi-biennial oscillation in time behaviors of integrated aerosol backscattering coefficient and total ozone over Tomsk. For analysis of time behavior of aerosol characteristic we used lidar sensing data, while ozone variations were analyzed using measurements of M-124 instrument and TOMS.
The report presents the results of lidar studies of dynamics of the vertical distribution of the optical characteristics of stratospheric aerosol layer (SAL), obtained at the Siberian Lidar Station of the Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS (Tomsk, 56.5 degree N, 85.0 degree East) since 1986. In the report it is shown that, under background SAL conditions, the vertical aerosol distribution has no seasonal (winter-summer) variations; while the altitude behavior of aerosol backscattering coefficient is well fitted by exponential function. We think that both of these characteristics can be considered as criteria in determination of background SAL state in midlatitudes of the northern hemisphere. The level of integrated aerosol scattering in 1996 - 2000 was close to, or even less than, that in 1989 - 1990, when low aerosol content was observed in the stratosphere; this obscures somewhat the existing hypothesis that the background stratospheric aerosol mass increases by 5% per year due to anthropogenic factors. Also considered are the anomalous variations of aerosol content at altitudes above 25 km, that were observed in January-February 2000.
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