The demodulation parameter optimization of fiber optic acoustic sensor for broadband large signals is studied in this paper. Firstly, the performance of fiber optic acoustic sensors in demodulating broadband large signals is introduced. The low-frequency energy of the demodulation result is significantly increased and completely submerge the effective signal. By deducing and analyzing the demodulation algorithm of fiber optic acoustic sensors, the reason why it is impossible to demodulate broadband large signals is theoretically explained. An arctangent demodulation algorithm is realized in MATLAB. White noise signals with limited frequency bands are used as simulation signal sources for demodulation testing. Through simulation analysis, the main criteria for determining the upper limit of the system's dynamic range under a certain set of demodulation parameters are provided. Finally, the arctangent demodulation algorithm is implemented in FPGA. Detection experiments on the noise signal of a certain equipment are carried out using the fiber optic microphone system developed by our institute. The experimental results prove that the dynamic range analysis of the demodulation algorithm in this paper is accurate. The fiber optic microphone system designed through parameter optimization can correctly demodulate broadband large signals.
The impact of attitude deformation of towed linear array and the fitting error of point attitude sensors on beamforming. We studied All-fiber acoustic-posture integrated towed linear array based on distributed feedback fiber laser (DFB-FL) hydrophone and optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) distributed attitude measurement. Analyzed the principle of towed array direction finding, and the influence of towed array attitude deformation on directional error was analyzed. Designed an 8-element hydrophone towed linear array structure with a diameter of 16mm, effectively combining fiber laser hydrophones with attitude sensing multi-core optical fiber. Finally, the effectiveness of attitude correction was verified through static direction finding experiments in anechoic tank, and the accuracy of direction finding was better than 2° under the extreme "S-bend" shape conditions of the drag array attitude. It can effectively improve the accuracy of direction finding.
In order to reduce the phase noise introduced by the unbalanced interferometer in the distributed feedback (DFB) fiber microphone modulation system, a phase noise compensation method based on a stable laser source as an optical reference is proposed. The narrow linewidth laser source is incident on the unbalanced Michelson interferometer shared by the microphone, so that it has the same optical path difference. This optical phase noise information is used to offset the noise introduced by the interferometer, so as to achieve the purpose of noise suppression. The principle of the unbalanced interferometer composition and suppression are theoretically analyzed and experimentally verified. The experimental results show that under the quiet conditions of the laboratory, compared with the structure that has not been suppressed, the noise of the microphone primitive is reduced from about ± 0.2rad to within ± 0.04rad, the power spectral density is reduced to less than -58.95dB/Hz1/2. It can be suppressed by more than 32dB at the noise peak, and the suppression effect of the phase noise is very obvious.
A zero drift suppression method of arctangent demodulation algorithm for fiber optic acoustic sensors is studied in this paper. Firstly, the principle of the arctangent demodulation algorithm is introduced, with emphasis on the principle and implementation method of the phase unwrapping. Then, the design and implementation idea of the zero drift suppression method are described in detail. A PID method is used to get the compensation value, which will be fed back to the next phase unwrapping stage, so as to gradually eliminate the zero drift. By adding a decimation unit and combining the low-pass filter unit and the PID unit, the complexity of the algorithm and the design difficulty of the filter are greatly reduced. The designed zero drift suppression method is implemented in FPGA. An actual fiber optic microphone is demodulated under laboratory conditions. The experiment results prove that the zero drift suppression method designed in this paper can stabilize the static operating point of the fiber optic microphone effectively. As the zero drift problem is solved in algorithm, there are no any hardware modification and additional cost.
In order to increase the multiplexing capacity and optimize the noise level and power of distribute feedback fiber laser hydrophone array, the factor of the mode instability has been studied. Mode instability characteristics of DFB fiber laser hydrophone due to multiple external reflections is modeled, and the dependent condition and suppression method of DFB fiber laser array is carefully analyzed. It can be concluded that the mainly reason for the mode instability of the DFB fiber laser hydrophone array is related to the mode splitting caused by external cavity feedback light reflected by the fiber connector, and the reduction of fiber flange connector reflectivity can effectively suppress the mode instability.
Orthogonal demodulation, as an important part of the demodulation process of heterodyne interferometric optic fiber hydrophone signal, directly determines whether the demodulation system can demodulate the underwater acoustic signal without distortion. The phase shift operation of reference signal is the key step of orthogonal demodulation algorithm. In this paper, the influence of phase shift error on the distortion of underwater acoustic signal is introduced and analyzed by combining the interferometric optic fiber hydrophone demodulation system, the phase shift range of undistorted signal is obtained by simulation analysis. Hilbert algorithm is proposed and used for phase shift of reference signal, to improve the phase shift accuracy, and then enhance the performance of orthogonal demodulation. Using the actual system to verify, it is proved that the heterodyne demodulation of optic fiber hydrophone based on Hilbert algorithm can demodulate the characteristics of underwater acoustic signals without distortion.
Interferometric fiber optic hydrophone based on heterodyne detection is used to measure the missile dropping point in the sea. The signal caused by the missile dropping in the water will be too large to be detected, so it is necessary to boost the upper limit of dynamic range (ULODR) of fiber optic hydrophone. In this article we analysis the factors which influence the ULODR of fiber optic hydrophone based on heterodyne detection, the ULODR is decided by the sampling frequency fsam and the heterodyne frequency Δf. The sampling frequency and the heterodyne frequency should be satisfied with the Nyquist sampling theorem which fsam will be two times larger than Δf, in this condition the ULODR is depended on the heterodyne frequency. In order to enlarge the ULODR, the Nyquist sampling theorem was broken, and we proposed a fiber optic hydrophone which the heterodyne frequency is larger than the sampling frequency. Both the simulation and experiment were done in this paper, the consequences are similar: When the sampling frequency is 100kHz, the ULODR of large heterodyne frequency fiber optic hydrophone is 2.6 times larger than that of the small heterodyne frequency fiber optic hydrophone. As the heterodyne frequency is larger than the sampling frequency, the ULODR is depended on the sampling frequency. If the sampling frequency was set at 2MHz, the ULODR of fiber optic hydrophone based on heterodyne detection will be boosted to 1000rad at 1kHz, and this large heterodyne fiber optic hydrophone can be applied to locate the drop position of the missile in the sea.
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