A modal control optimization method for adaptive optics on the tempo-spatial domain is presented. The spatial modes of
the adaptive optics system can be obtained by the singular value decomposition of the response function matrix of the
adaptive optics system. The number of correction modes is determined dynamically by the root mean square estimation
of the residual aberration after the correction with different number of modes. A Smith compensator is designed to
reduce the time delay effect on the closed-loop system. The modal optimization method is experimentally verified by
compensating phase distortion produced by artificial atmospheric turbulence in laboratory. Experimental results show
that the correction capability of the adaptive optics system can be greatly improved in comparison to that of the generic
modal gain integrator approach with the fixed number of correction modes. The modal control optimization method is an
attractive and practical alternative to adaptive optics control.
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