Fundamental electron dynamics at the attosecond frontier and their direct coupling to structural dynamics of matter yield novel insights into the energy-distribution and protection mechanisms of Nature. The angular-streaking technique has exclusively demonstrated its capability of obtaining the full time-energy structure of XFEL pulses with attosecond resolution directly in the time-domain, thus enabling XFELs to study electron dynamics from element-specific vistas and their importance as onset of subsequent structural dynamics. We will present latest advances of this technique together with first results from the 2022 EuXFEL atto-campaign and the complementary prospects of the FLASH 2020+ innovation project at DESY.
A photoelectron gun cavity is an electron source that every Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) requires. Its characteristics and precision determine the capabilities and performance of the ERL. Calibration of the electron gun is a crucial part of its initial setup, which requires a lot of time and experience. We present the first steps towards a tool that guides the electron gun operator, which knobs to turn in which position to achieve the desired properties. In this report, we determine the - typically difficult to identify - offsets between the simulation and the real-world device. We accomplish this by using machine learning and a global optimization algorithm.
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