Prof. Brian Culshaw Profile

Prof. Brian Culshaw

Professor Emeritus/Optoelectronics

SPIE Involvement:

Author | Editor

Publications (150)

SPIE Press Book | 10 September 2020

Introducing Photonics

Brian Culshaw

KEYWORDS: Photonics, Photons, Refractive index, Interfaces, Electrons, Absorption, Waveguides, Diffraction, Mirrors, Molecules

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SPIE Journal Paper | 14 February 2019

Half a century of fiber sensing

Brian Culshaw

OE, Vol. 58, Issue 07, 072006, (February 2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.58.7.072006

KEYWORDS: Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Modulation, Interfaces, Optical engineering, Raman spectroscopy, Environmental sensing, Optical properties, Signal detection, Sensing systems

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2016 Paper

Optical fibre gas detections systems

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 9852, 98520Y (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2229001

KEYWORDS: Spectroscopy, Fiber optics sensors, Sensing systems, Raman spectroscopy, Optical fibers, Absorption, Sensors, Fiber optics, Safety, Hydrogen

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Proceedings Article | 28 September 2015 Paper

Temperature calibration of optical fiber attenuation differences induced measurement error of Raman distributed temperature sensor

Yuquan Tang, Miao Sun, Jun Li, Shuang Yang, Brian Culshaw, Fengzhong Dong

Proceedings Volume 9634, 96344R (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2194687

KEYWORDS: Temperature metrology, Calibration, Signal attenuation, Optical fibers, Raman spectroscopy, Temperature sensors, Optical calibration, Error analysis, Signal detection, Demodulation

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Proceedings Article | 7 November 2012 Paper

Research on coherent Rayleigh backscattering and signal processing method in phase-OTDR

Xueyi Chen, Xiaolei Zhang, Bing Yan, Jun Li, Xuejun Chen, Guojie Tu, Yunxian Liang, Zhibo Ni, Brian Culshaw, Fengzhong Dong

Proceedings Volume 8421, 8421A3 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.975203

KEYWORDS: Signal processing, Backscatter, Numerical simulations, Fiber lasers, Geometrical optics, Pulsed laser operation, Refractive index, Linear filtering, Nickel, Spatial resolution

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Proceedings Article | 24 December 2011 Paper

Dynamic imaging of surface acoustic waves in phononic crystals

Oliver Wright, István Veres, Dieter Profunser, Osamu Matsuda, Brian Culshaw, Udo Lang

Proceedings Volume 8204, 820425 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.905005

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Crystals, Silicon, Fourier transforms, Gold, Scattering, Numerical simulations, Wave propagation, Signal attenuation, Picosecond phenomena

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Proceedings Article | 18 May 2011 Paper

The use of fibre optic sensors to compare the internal strains and pressures produced by different Lamb wave modes

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7753, 77536S (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886115

KEYWORDS: Ultrasonography, Fiber Bragg gratings, Polarimetry, Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Particles, Polarizers, Wave plates, Motion analysis, Carbon

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Proceedings Article | 15 April 2011 Paper

Evaluation of the internal strains and stresses produced in a plate by propagating Lamb waves through the use of fibre optic sensors

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7982, 79820B (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.881594

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Ultrasonography, Polarimetry, Particles, Wave plates, Wave propagation, Fiber optics sensors, Carbon, Ferroelectric materials

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Proceedings Article | 30 March 2011 Paper

Fibre optic sensors in smart structures: achievements, challenges, and prospects

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7982, 798202 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.882044

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Smart structures, Fiber Bragg gratings, Structured optical fibers, Fiber optics, Optical fibers, Sensor technology, Sensing systems, Structural monitoring

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Proceedings Article | 3 November 2010 Paper

Fibre optic systems for gas detection principals, progress and prospects

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7853, 785302 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.884483

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Absorption, Sensors, Spectroscopy, Fiber optics, Sensing systems, Raman spectroscopy, Semiconductor lasers, Gases, Gas sensors

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2010 Paper

Ultrasonic modal detection in carbon fibre plates using fibre optic sensors

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7653, 765338 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.866437

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Polarimetry, Carbon, Fiber Bragg gratings, Polarizers, Ultrasonography, Fiber optics sensors, Particles, Ultrasonics, Optical fibers

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2010 Paper

Fibre optic sensor technology: An engineering reality or a scientific opportunity?

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7653, 765304 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.867986

KEYWORDS: Surface plasmons, Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Sensor technology, Optical fibers, Environmental sensing, Optical sensing, Sensing systems, Waveguides, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 9 September 2010 Paper

Frequency response of underwater ultrasonic transducers in the near field using polarimetric polarization maintaining fiber sensors

Abdeldjalil Bennecer, Michelle McGuire, Gordon M. H. Flockhart, S. Gareth Pierce, Gordon Hayward, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7653, 76530S (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.866863

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Ultrasonics, Transducers, Polarimetry, Near field, Polarization maintaining fibers, Acoustics, Ferroelectric polymers, Fiber optics sensors, Ultrasonography

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2010 Paper

Recovery of acetylene absorption line profile basing on tunable diode laser spectroscopy with intensity modulation and photoacoustic spectroscopy

Li Li, Graham Thursby, George Stewart, Norhana Arsad, Deepak Uttamchandani, Brian Culshaw, Yiding Wang

Proceedings Volume 7726, 77261O (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.854075

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Modulation, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Mirrors, Microelectromechanical systems, Actuators, Spectroscopy, Signal detection, Laser spectroscopy, Tunable diode lasers

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A novel and direct absorption line recovery technique based on tunable diode laser spectroscopy with intensity modulation is presented. Photoacoustic spectroscopy is applied for high sensitivity, zero background and efficient acoustic enhancement at a low modulation frequency. A micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) mirror driven by an electrothermal actuator is used for generating laser intensity modulation (without wavelength modulation) through the external reflection. The MEMS mirror with 10μm thick structure material layer and 100nm thick gold coating is formed as a circular mirror of 2mm diameter attached to an electrothermal actuator and is fabricated on a chip that is wire-bonded and placed on a PCB holder. Low modulation frequency is adopted (since the resonant frequencies of the photoacoustic gas cell and the electrothermal actuator are different) and intrinsic high signal amplitude characteristics in low frequency region achieved from measured frequency responses for the MEMS mirror and the gas cell. Based on the property of photoacoustic spectroscopy and Beer's law that detectable sensitivity is a function of input laser intensity in the case of constant gas concentration and laser path length, a Keopsys erbium doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) with opto-communication C band and high output power up to 1W is chosen to increase the laser power. High modulation depth is achieved through adjusting the MEMS mirror's reflection position and driving voltage. In order to scan through the target gas absorption line, the temperature swept method is adopted for the tunable distributed feed-back (DFB) diode laser working at 1535nm that accesses the near-infrared vibration-rotation spectrum of acetylene. The profile of acetylene P17 absorption line at 1535.39nm is recovered ideally for ~100 parts-per-million (ppm) acetylene balanced by nitrogen. The experimental signal to noise ratio (SNR) of absorption line recovery for 500mW laser power was ~80 and hence the detectable sensitivity is of the order of 1ppm.

Proceedings Article | 20 April 2010 Paper

Distributed sensing for liquid leaks and spills

Alistair MacLean, John McCormack, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7677, 767703 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852912

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Liquids, Polymers, Optical fibers, Interfaces, Fiber optics, Structured optical fibers, Multimode fibers, Coating, Humidity

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Proceedings Article | 20 April 2010 Paper

Near infrared spectroscopy for fibre based gas detection

George Stewart, Walter Johnstone, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7675, 767507 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852919

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Absorption, Methane, Sensing systems, Gases, Calibration, Tunable diode lasers, Phase shift keying, Sensors, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 14 April 2010 Paper

A comparison of three optical systems for the detection of broadband ultrasound

G. Thursby, C. McKee, B. Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7648, 76480T (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.847296

KEYWORDS: Polarimetry, Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Ultrasonography, Polarization, Acoustics, Polarizers, Lead, Signal detection, Fiber optics sensors

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2009 Paper

Direct monitoring of underwater ultrasonic transducers in the near field using fibre Bragg grating sensors

G. M. Flockhart, M. McGuire, S. Pierce, G. Thursby, G. Stewart, G. Hayward, B. Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7503, 750331 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.835468

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Transducers, Sensors, Ultrasonics, Acoustics, Optical fibers, Near field, Ferroelectric polymers, Optical amplifiers, Wave propagation

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Proceedings Article | 5 June 2009 Open Access

Introducing biophotonics to undergraduates across the disciplines

John Girkin, Brian Culshaw, Iain Mauchline, Doug Walsh

Proceedings Volume 9666, 96660P (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2207970

KEYWORDS: Image enhancement, Biomedical optics, Spatial filters, Image processing, Microscopes, Image filtering, Biology, Imaging systems, Microscopy, Optical microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 7 April 2009 Paper

CW laser generated ultrasound techniques for microstructure material properties evaluation

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw, Gareth Pierce, Alison Cleary, Campbell McKee, Istvan Veres

Proceedings Volume 7293, 72930Y (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.816362

KEYWORDS: Ultrasonography, Signal detection, Modulation, Acoustics, Continuous wave operation, Signal processing, Aluminum, Optical amplifiers, Dispersion, Ultrasonics

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2008 Paper

Using fiber Bragg gratings to measure Lamb waves in an anisotropic composite plate

Y. Botsev, E. Arad, M. Tur, I. Kressel, S. Gali, G. Thursby, B. Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 7004, 700445 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.786055

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Wave plates, Wave propagation, Composites, Finite element methods, Sensors, Actuators, Ferroelectric materials, Ultrasonics, Ultrasonography

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Proceedings Article | 7 April 2008 Paper

The use of fibre Bragg gratings to detect ultrasound in anisotropic materials

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw, Yakov Botsev, Eyal Arad, Roman Zeyde, Moshe Tur, Iddo Kressel

Proceedings Volume 6933, 69330C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.775442

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Wave propagation, Ferroelectric materials, Wave plates, Sensors, Ultrasonography, Composites, Wavefronts, Signal detection, Carbon

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SPIE Press Book | 21 March 2008

Engineering a High-Tech Business: Entrepreneurial Experiences and Insights

KEYWORDS: Patents, Fiber optics sensors, Manufacturing, Sensors, Optoelectronics, Fiber optics, Photonics, Legal, Standards development

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Engineering a High-Tech Business: Entrepreneurial Experiences and Insights

Proceedings Article | 2 July 2007 Paper

The detection of ultrasound using fibre optic sensors

Brian Culshaw, Graham Thursby, Daniel Betz, Boja Sorazu

Proceedings Volume 6619, 66192J (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.738624

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Ultrasonography, Fiber optics sensors, Wave propagation, Wavefronts, Ultrasonics, Acoustics, Optical fibers, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 3 June 2007 Open Access

Practical introduction to optical WDM components and systems in student teaching laboratories

Iain Mauchline, Douglas Walsh, David Moodie, Steve Conner, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 9665, 966510 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2207346

KEYWORDS: Wavelength division multiplexing, Dense wavelength division multiplexing, Fiber Bragg gratings, Power meters, Signal attenuation, Receivers, Optical components, Photonics, Fiber optics, Connectors

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Proceedings Article | 11 April 2007 Paper

Detection of structural damage in carbon fibre and metal structures using Lamb waves

Alistair MacLean, Graham Thursby, Hamish Hogg, Daniel Betz, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 6532, 65321S (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.718741

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Ferroelectric materials, Carbon, Ultrasonography, Transducers, Acoustics, Signal attenuation, Wave propagation, Composites, Wave plates

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Proceedings Article | 20 October 2006 Paper

Analysis of the transient response of erbium fibre lasers and application for sensors

George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 6371, 63710N (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.684669

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Absorption, Fiber lasers, Erbium, Chemical elements, Signal attenuation, Spectroscopy, Chemical analysis, Erbium lasers, Pulsed laser operation

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Proceedings Article | 10 October 2006 Paper

Versatile fiber-Bragg grating arrays for strain mapping and ultrasound Lamb wave detection

G. Thursby, D. Betz, B. Culshaw, W. Staszewski

Proceedings Volume 6379, 63790F (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.686823

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Ultrasonography, Sensors, Ferroelectric materials, Structured optical fibers, Temperature sensors, Quartz, Aluminum, Transducers, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 30 March 2006 Paper

Inversion technique for an all-optical inspection of materials' elastic properties

Borja Sorazu, Brian Culshaw, Syed Atique

Proceedings Volume 6167, 61670O (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.658433

KEYWORDS: Phase velocity, Dispersion, Ultrasonics, Ferroelectric materials, Wave plates, Aluminum, Error analysis, Sensors, Wave propagation, Inspection

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Proceedings Article | 28 March 2006 Paper

Ultrasound detection of damage in complex carbon fiber/metal structures

G. Thursby, A. MacLean, H. Hogg, B. Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 6177, 61770P (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.659043

KEYWORDS: Ferroelectric materials, Carbon, Structured optical fibers, Signal detection, Epoxies, Wave propagation, Wave plates, Signal processing, Composites, Signal attenuation

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We describe work carried out to monitor the structural health of a complex structure comprising both carbon fibre and metal components using ultrasound techniques. The work is designed to be used in a high performance car, but could find applications in other areas such as the aerospace industry. There are two different types of potential problem that need to be examined; the first is damage (e.g. holes, delaminations) to carbon fibre structure, and the second is damage to joints either between two carbon fibre components or between a carbon fibre component and a metallic one. The techniques used are based around the use of PZT transducers for both the generation and detection of ultrasonic Lamb waves. To date we have been carrying out experiments on mock-up samples, but are due to conduct tests on an actual vehicle. Lamb waves propagate in modes whose order is determined by the frequency thickness product. Their properties, such as phase and amplitude can be modified by the presence of damage, such as holes and delaminations. If we record the response of a healthy structure, we can then compare it with signals obtained on subsequent occasions to determine if any significant change has taken place. It is essential, however, to be able to differentiate between the effects of damage and those of environmental changes such as temperature. For this reason we have monitored the response of a sample at different temperatures both before and after drilling a hole in it to simulate damage. Depending on the positions of the transducers with respect to the damaged area, it is possible to detect either attenuation of the entire signal or changes in a specific portion of the signal produced by reflections. Results from these experiments will be presented at the conference. Signal processing techniques for separating damage from the effects of temperature will also be discussed. We also look at the deterioration of joints, which can either be epoxy bonded (carbon fibre to carbon fibre) or bolted together (carbon fibre to aluminium). In the case of the bonded structures we are looking at the effects of failure of the bond layer, whilst in the case of the bolted samples we are looking at loosening of the bolts. The debonding was simulated by joining together a flat plate of carbon fibre composite with an L-shaped carbon fibre piece using a couplant such as grease. Similar experiments were carried out using an aluminium anglebar bolted to the plate, with the bolts both tightened and loose. Signals of both the transmitted wave in the plate and the power coupled to the L piece were measured before and after debonding. This gives a more reliable measure of the change in power transfer between the two components as the joint/bond degrades. It was found that in order to get maximum coupling to the second component the frequency of the acoustic wave had to be altered. This is because in the bonding region the combined thickness of the components alters the modal propagation characteristics of the structure compared with those of the single component region.

Proceedings Article | 24 October 2005 Open Access

Practical bit error rate measurements on fibre optic communications links in student teaching laboratories

Douglas Walsh, David Moodie, Iain Mauchline, Steve Conner, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 9664, 96642I (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2207674

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Telecommunications, Signal attenuation, Eye, Transmitters, Fiber optics, Optical communications, Interference (communication), Receivers, Error analysis

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Proceedings Article | 24 September 2005 Paper

Research to reality: bringing fibre optic sensors into applications

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5952, 595201 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.622272

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Sensor technology, Optical fibers, Fiber optics, Interferometers, Gyroscopes, Spectroscopy, Modulation, Fiber Bragg gratings

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Proceedings Article | 8 June 2005 Paper

Student laboratory experiments exploring optical fibre communication systems, eye diagrams, and bit error rates

Douglas Walsh, David Moodie, Iain Mauchline, Steve Conner, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5827, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.604505

KEYWORDS: Telecommunications, Eye, Signal attenuation, Light emitting diodes, Transmitters, Interference (communication), Error analysis, Receivers, Fiber optics, Optical communications

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Proceedings Article | 23 May 2005 Paper

Tuneable L band multi-wavelength fiber laser using silicon wafers

Joanna Marshall, George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5855, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.624385

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Semiconducting wafers, Fiber lasers, L band, Semiconductor lasers, Absorption, Micro optics, Gases, Carbon monoxide, Attenuators

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2005 Paper

An improved fiber optic strain sensor for gas tank monitoring with rf subcarrier phase and I&Q demodulation techniques

Graham Thursby, Fengzhong Dong, Brian Culshaw, Guido Massaro, Branko Glisic, Daniele Inaudi

Proceedings Volume 5758, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.605523

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Carbon, Fiber optics sensors, Fiber optics, Optical fibers, Signal detection, Demodulation, Inspection, Modulation, Safety

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Proceedings Article | 16 May 2005 Paper

Optical technique for examining materials’ elastic properties

Borja Sorazu, Brian Culshaw, Gareth Pierce

Proceedings Volume 5758, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.600999

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Ultrasonics, Dispersion, Fourier transforms, Time-frequency analysis, Ultrasonography, Wave plates, Wave propagation, Temperature metrology, Phase velocity

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Proceedings Article | 9 May 2005 Paper

Novel methods of Lamb wave detection for material damage detection and location

Graham Thursby, Borja Sorazu, Daniel Betz, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5768, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.600545

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber Bragg gratings, Ultrasonography, Polarimetry, Ferroelectric materials, Transducers, Polarization, Damage detection, Interferometers, Acoustics

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Proceedings Article | 14 December 2004 Paper

Development of a 32-element fiber optic hydrophone system

Zhou Meng, Yongming Hu, Ming Ni, Shuidong Xiong, Renhe Zhang, Xiuling Li, George Stewart, FengZhong Dong, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5589, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.577842

KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Fiber optics, Optical components, Acoustics, Fiber optic components, Protactinium, Polarization, Ocean optics, Optical fibers, Digital signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2004 Paper

Remote gas analysis using fibre optic links and near infrared absorption

George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Joanna Marshall, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw, Alistair MacLean, Iain Mauchline, David Moodie

Proceedings Volume 5459, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.555345

KEYWORDS: Surface plasmons, Absorption, Methane, Near infrared, Fiber optics, Spectroscopy, Optical fibers, Gases, Modulation, Hydrogen

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 2004 Paper

Noncontact material evaluation for characterization and wear detection using laser-generated ultrasound and interferometric detection

Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw, Borja Sorazu, Syed Atique, Fengzhong Dong

Proceedings Volume 5384, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.549024

KEYWORDS: Ultrasonography, Dispersion, Ultrasonics, Interferometry, Acoustics, Wave propagation, Aluminum, Sensors, Phase velocity, Wave plates

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 2004 Paper

Comparison of point and integrated fiber optic sensing techniques for ultrasound detection and location of damage

Graham Thursby, Borja Sorazu, Daniel Betz, Wieslaw Staszewski, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5384, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.549023

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Acoustics, Fiber Bragg gratings, Signal detection, Polarimetry, Ultrasonography, Ferroelectric materials, Transducers, Wave propagation, Fiber optics sensors

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2004 Paper

The use of fibre Bragg grating sensors for damage detection and location in structural materials

Graham Thursby, Daniel Betz, Wieslaw Staszewski, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5502, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.566631

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Sensors, Ultrasonography, Acoustics, Ferroelectric materials, Signal detection, Wave propagation, Damage detection, Transducers, Ultrasonics

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2004 Paper

Optically noncontact extraction of the elastic properties of materials

Borja Sorazu, Brian Culshaw, Gareth Pierce, Pan Jun, Hee Park

Proceedings Volume 5502, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.566630

KEYWORDS: Dispersion, Ultrasonography, Signal detection, Ultrasonics, Phase velocity, Wave propagation, Sensors, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Signal processing, Particles

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2004 Paper

High-frequency acoustic detector based on fiber Fabry-Perot interferometer

Hee Park, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5502, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.566634

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Fabry–Perot interferometry, Phase modulation, Phase shift keying, Mirrors, Modulation, Reflectivity, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 9 June 2004 Paper

Fibre lasers for near-IR gas spectroscopy

George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Joanna Marshall, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5502, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.566794

KEYWORDS: Fiber lasers, Spectroscopy, Polarization, Gas sensors, Fiber amplifiers, Sensors, Mode locking, Modulators, Absorption, Gas lasers

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Proceedings Article | 8 March 2004 Paper

Design of fiber laser and sensor systems for gas spectroscopy in the near-IR

George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Peter Shields, Joanna Marshall, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5272, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.515651

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber lasers, Laser systems engineering, Spectroscopy, Laser development, Near infrared spectroscopy, Telecommunications, Fiber optics, Gases, Gas sensors

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Proceedings Article | 19 November 2003 Paper

Optical fibre sensors for environmental monitoring of trace gases

George Stewart, Gillian Whitenett, Kathryn Atherton, Brian Culshaw, Walter Johnstone

Proceedings Volume 4829, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.527028

KEYWORDS: Gases, Sensors, Methane, Fiber lasers, Spectroscopy, Fiber optics sensors, Laser sources, Gas sensors, Optical fibers, Environmental monitoring

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Proceedings Article | 6 October 2003 Open Access

OptoSci educator kits: an immediate solution to photonics teaching laboratories

Douglas Walsh, David Moodie, Iain Mauchline, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 9663, 96632C (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2207510

KEYWORDS: Photonics, Optical communications, Waveguides, Fiber amplifiers, Optical amplifiers, Telecommunications, Diffraction, Signal attenuation, Optoelectronics, Polarization

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2003 Paper

Ultrasonic wavefront integration using optical fiber sensors

Borja Sorazu, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw, Fengzhong Dong, Yang Yong, Jun Yao

Proceedings Volume 5050, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484265

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Ultrasonics, Ultrasonography, Wavefronts, Optical fibers, Modulation, Nondestructive evaluation, Acoustics, Wave plates, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2003 Paper

RF subcarrier-based fiber strain sensor for monitoring composite gas storage tanks

Fengzhong Dong, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5050, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484266

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fiber optics sensors, Composites, Temperature metrology, Modulation, Phase shift keying, Signal generators, Sensing systems, Fiber optics, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2003 Paper

Damage detection in structural materials using a polarimetric fiber optic sensor

Graham Thursby, Borja Sorazu, Fengzhong Dong, Daniel Betz, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 5050, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484758

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Acoustics, Polarization, Polarimetry, Wave plates, Fiber optics sensors, Damage detection, Signal detection, Polarizers, Wave propagation

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2003 Paper

Lamb wave detection and source location using fiber Bragg grating rosettes

Daniel Betz, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw, Wieslaw Staszewski

Proceedings Volume 5050, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484268

KEYWORDS: Fiber Bragg gratings, Ultrasonics, Sensors, Ferroelectric materials, Acoustics, Fiber optics, Wave propagation, Signal detection, Transducers, Structural health monitoring

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2003 Paper

DAMASCOS damage location demonstrator for structural health monitoring

Graeme Manson, B. Lee, Graham Thursby, Keith Worden, Fengzhong Dong, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4763, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.508686

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Data acquisition, Composites, Neural networks, Actuators, Transducers, Damage detection, Feature selection, Structural health monitoring, Feature extraction

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2003 Paper

Technology perspective: Sensors, actuators, and signal processing -- the ASSET view

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4763, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.508671

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Actuators, Polymers, Signal processing, Microelectromechanical systems, Temperature metrology, Sensor technology, Smart structures, Control systems, Crystals

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 2002 Open Access

Photonics laboratory teaching experiments for scientists and engineers

Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw, David Moodie, Iain Mauchline, Douglas Walsh

Proceedings Volume 4588, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.468717

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Optical amplifiers, Interference (communication), Receivers, Telecommunications, Transmitters, Signal attenuation, Light emitting diodes, Photonics, Optical communications

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2002 Paper

Gas detection by cavity ringdown absorption with a fiber optic amplifier loop

Kathryn Atherton, George Stewart, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4577, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.455741

KEYWORDS: Optical amplifiers, Fiber amplifiers, Signal attenuation, Erbium, Optical fibers, Absorption, Micro optics, Gas sensors, Optical gas detection, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 14 February 2002 Paper

Fiber optic sensing at Strathclyde: from ropes to eyes

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4578, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.456104

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Optical fibers, Methane, Fiber optics sensors, Fiber optics, Liquids, Photography, Sensing systems, Eye, Ocean optics

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Proceedings Article | 23 October 2001 Paper

Complex adaptive structures: design considerations

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4512, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.446764

KEYWORDS: Structural design, Combustion, Databases, Structural engineering, Sensors, Manufacturing, Carbon, Control systems, Power supplies, Data processing

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2001 Paper

Generation and detection of broadband laser generated ultrasound from low-power laser sources

Kathryn Atherton, Brian Culshaw, Fengzhong Dong, Pan Jun, S. Gareth Pierce, Colin Swift

Proceedings Volume 4417, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.441302

KEYWORDS: Acoustics, Ultrasonics, Ultrasonography, Semiconductor lasers, Optical fibers, Modulation, Sensors, Wave propagation, Laser sources, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2001 Paper

New approach to the design of fiber optic devices based on Berry's topological phase

P. Senthilkumaran, Graham Thursby, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4417, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.441331

KEYWORDS: Polarization, Fiber optics, Optical spheres, Optical design, Mirrors, Sagnac interferometers, Chlorine, Interferometers, Solids, Wave plates

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Proceedings Article | 16 August 2001 Paper

Steerable ultrasonic source using low-power laser sources and fiber optic delivery

Colin Swift, S. Gareth Pierce, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4327, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.436575

KEYWORDS: Ultrasonics, Carbon, Aluminum, Phased arrays, Transducers, Fiber optics, Wave propagation, Nondestructive evaluation, Semiconductor lasers, Ultrasonography

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Proceedings Article | 16 August 2001 Paper

Damage assessment in smart composite structures: the DAMASCOS program

S. Gareth Pierce, Fengzhong Dong, Kathryn Atherton, Brian Culshaw, Keith Worden, Graeme Manson, Thomas Monnier, Philippe Guy, Jean-Claude Baboux, J. Assad, Emmanuel Moulin, Sebastien Grondel, Christophe Delebarre, V. Agostini, Pier Delsanto, I. Genesio, E. Mino, Christian Boller

Proceedings Volume 4327, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.436534

KEYWORDS: Transducers, Wave propagation, Composites, Signal processing, Ultrasonics, Ferroelectric materials, Sensors, Wave plates, Associative arrays, Visualization

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Proceedings Article | 6 August 2001 Paper

Distributed fiber optic sensor for liquid hydrocarbon detection

Alistair MacLean, Chris Moran, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw, Dan Marsh, Geoff Andrews

Proceedings Volume 4328, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.435550

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Polymers, Fiber optics sensors, Optical fibers, Liquids, Target detection, Signal attenuation, Prototyping, Silicon, Reflectometry

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Proceedings Article | 6 August 2001 Paper

Integrating fiber optic sensor for ultrasonic flaw detection

Fengzhong Dong, Kathryn Atherton, S. Gareth Pierce, Kejiang Zhou, Colin Swift, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4328, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.435524

KEYWORDS: Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Ultrasonics, Nondestructive evaluation, Ultrasonography, Transducers, Interferometers, Modulators, Polarization, Wave plates

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Proceedings Article | 14 June 2001 Paper

ASSET: collaboration in Europe on smart structures

Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4332, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.429663

KEYWORDS: Smart structures, Manufacturing, Sensors, Actuators, Shape memory alloys, Signal processing, Control systems, Microelectromechanical systems, Structural engineering, Sensor technology

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 2001 Paper

Fiber optic intra-cavity spectroscopy: combined ring-down and ICLAS architectures using fiber lasers

Kathryn Atherton, George Stewart, H. Yu, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4204, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.417401

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Signal attenuation, Erbium, Fiber amplifiers, Optical fibers, Micro optics, Optical amplifiers, Spectroscopy, Fiber lasers, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 1 March 2001 Paper

Fiber optic system for distributed detection of liquid hydrocarbons

Alistair MacLean, Chris Moran, Walter Johnstone, Brian Culshaw, Dan Marsh, Geoff Andrews

Proceedings Volume 4204, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.417406

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Polymers, Liquids, Optical fibers, Silicon, Fiber optics, Signal attenuation, Distributed computing, Coating, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 24 August 2000 Paper

Measurement of in-plane and out-of-plane displacements for ultrasonic flaw detection

Fengzhong Dong, Kathryn Atherton, S. Gareth Pierce, Brian Culshaw

Proceedings Volume 4073, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.396415

KEYWORDS: Michelson interferometers, Interferometers, Ultrasonics, Signal detection, Optical fibers, Ultrasonography, Sensors, Mach-Zehnder interferometers, Fiber optics, Modulators

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Proceedings Article | 16 June 2000 Open Access

Student laboratory experiments on erbium-doped fiber amplifiers and lasers

W. Johnstone, Brian Culshaw, Douglas Walsh, David Moodie, Iain Mauchline

Proceedings Volume 3831, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.388733

KEYWORDS: Optical amplifiers, Fiber amplifiers, Fiber lasers, Interference (communication), Erbium lasers, Signal attenuation, Laser optics, Signal to noise ratio, Telecommunications, Laser damage threshold

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