Dr. Christopher W. Stubbs Profile

Dr. Christopher W. Stubbs

at Harvard Univ

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Author

Publications (35)

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 8, 2016

The LSST calibration hardware system design and development

Proc. SPIE. 9906, Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Spectrographs, Stars, Calibration, Computer programming, Domes, Collimation, Projection systems, Photometry, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 1, 2016

High fidelity point-spread function retrieval in the presence of electrostatic, hysteretic pixel response

Proc. SPIE. 9915, High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VII

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Astronomy, Clocks, Data modeling, Sensors, Error analysis, Neodymium, CCD image sensors, Electroluminescent displays, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 27, 2016

Integrated system tests of the LSST raft tower modules

Proc. SPIE. 9915, High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VII

KEYWORDS: Electronics, Clocks, Imaging systems, Imaging systems, Cameras, Sensors, Video, Video processing, Charge-coupled devices, Charge-coupled devices, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Electro-optic testing

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 15, 2016

An optical to IR sky brightness model for the LSST

Proc. SPIE. 9910, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI

KEYWORDS: Sun, Stars, Data modeling, Cameras, Light scattering, Clouds, Airglow, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Atmospheric modeling, RGB color model

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 15, 2016

Feature-based telescope scheduler

Proc. SPIE. 9910, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Transition metals, Computer simulations, Space telescopes, Optimization (mathematics), Stochastic processes, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Device simulation, Neptunium, Evolutionary algorithms

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 15, 2016

A collimated beam projector for precise telescope calibration

Proc. SPIE. 9910, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Imaging systems, Calibration, Imaging spectroscopy, Collimation, Projection systems, Infrared telescopes, Spectroscopes, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 1, 2015

Comparison of MODTRAN5 atmospheric extinction predictions with narrowband astronomical flux observations

Proc. SPIE. 9608, Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXIII

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Astronomy, Stars, Signal attenuation, Aerosols, Rayleigh scattering, Ozone, Atmospheric particles, Atmospheric modeling, Atmospheric optics

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 12, 2014

Electro-optical testing of fully depleted CCD image sensors for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope camera

Proc. SPIE. 9154, High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VI

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Clocks, Sensors, Silicon, Distortion, Image sensors, Charge-coupled devices, CCD image sensors, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Prototyping

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 4, 2014

A framework for modeling the detailed optical response of thick, multiple segment, large format sensors for precision astronomy applications

Proc. SPIE. 9150, Modeling, Systems Engineering, and Project Management for Astronomy VI

KEYWORDS: Astronomy, Clocks, Data modeling, Sensors, Calibration, X-rays, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Data acquisition, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 28, 2014

The guider and wavefront curvature sensor subsystem for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

Proc. SPIE. 9147, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V

KEYWORDS: Electronics, Clocks, Cameras, Sensors, Video, Wavefront sensors, Signal processing, Charge-coupled devices, CCD image sensors, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 8, 2014

PISCO: the Parallel Imager for Southern Cosmology Observations

Proc. SPIE. 9147, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy V

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Prisms, Electronics, Imaging systems, Control systems, Collimators, Charge-coupled devices, Galactic astronomy, Electroluminescent displays, Camera shutters

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 13, 2012

Tunable laser techniques for improving the precision of observational astronomy

Proc. SPIE. 8450, Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-based Telescopes and Instrumentation II

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Astronomy, Tunable lasers, Sensors, Calibration, Laser applications, Spectral calibration, Space telescopes

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 10, 2010

Spectroradiometric calibration of telescopes using laser illumination of flat field screens

Proc. SPIE. 7737, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems III

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical filters, LabVIEW, Calibration, Photodiodes, Spectral calibration, Domes, Image filtering, Charge-coupled devices, Camera shutters

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 30, 2010

Calibration of the LSST instrumental and atmospheric photometric passbands

Proc. SPIE. 7737, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems III

KEYWORDS: Infrared cameras, Telescopes, Stars, Cameras, Calibration, Clouds, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Atmospheric modeling, Surface conduction electron emitter displays, Atmospheric optics

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Ground-based observatory operations optimized and enhanced by direct atmospheric measurements

Proc. SPIE. 7739, Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-based Telescopes and Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Astronomy, Stars, LIDAR, Calibration, Space telescopes, Earth's atmosphere, Atmospheric modeling, Focus stacking software

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Calibration dome screen for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

Proc. SPIE. 7739, Modern Technologies in Space- and Ground-based Telescopes and Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Tunable lasers, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, Photodiodes, Diffusers, Projection systems, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 21, 2010

Space-based photometric precision from ground-based telescopes

Proc. SPIE. 7735, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy III

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Stars, Scattering, LIDAR, Aerosols, Calibration, Clouds, Atmospheric particles, Atmospheric modeling, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 4, 2009

A proposed global atmospheric monitoring network based on standard stars

Proc. SPIE. 7453, Infrared Spaceborne Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XVII

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Stars, Calibration, Climate change, Earth's atmosphere, Spectrophotometry, Atmospheric monitoring, Atmospheric particles, Atmospheric modeling, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 29, 2006

Calibration techniques for next-generation astronomical systems

Proc. SPIE. 6269, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical filters, Astronomy, Sensors, Calibration, Error analysis, Quantum efficiency, Photodiodes, Distortion, Photometry

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 23, 2006

Calibrations of LSST camera and telescope systems

Proc. SPIE. 6267, Ground-based and Airborne Telescopes

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Electronics, Stars, Imaging systems, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, Photometry, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Atmospheric optics

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 15, 2006

Study of silicon sensor thickness optimization for LSST

Proc. SPIE. 6276, High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy II

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Point spread functions, Reflection, Sensors, Silicon, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Electric field sensors, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 15, 2006

The LSST sensor technologies studies

Proc. SPIE. 6276, High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy II

KEYWORDS: Packaging, Point spread functions, Imaging systems, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Charge-coupled devices, Semiconducting wafers, Sensor technology, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope, Prototyping

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 28, 2004

Project status of the 8.4-m LSST

Proc. SPIE. 5489, Ground-based Telescopes

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical filters, Mirrors, Astronomy, Stars, Imaging systems, Cameras, Solar system, Optical instrument design, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | March 7, 2003

Visible Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer: Design and Calibration

Proc. SPIE. 4841, Instrument Design and Performance for Optical/Infrared Ground-based Telescopes

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical filters, Mirrors, Beam splitters, Stars, Interferometers, Cameras, Spectroscopy, Fourier transforms, Visibility

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 24, 2003

The Galactic Exoplanet Survey Telescope (GEST)

Proc. SPIE. 4854, Future EUV/UV and Visible Space Astrophysics Missions and Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Telescopes, Electronics, Stars, Exoplanets, Space telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, Photometry, Planets, Signal detection

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | January 30, 2003

Gallery of datacubes obtained with the Livermore imaging Fourier transform spectrometer

Proc. SPIE. 4842, Specialized Optical Developments in Astronomy

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Fourier spectroscopy, Telescopes, Astronomy, Spectroscopy, Fourier transforms, Imaging spectroscopy, Space telescopes, Astronomical imaging, Spectroscopes

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 24, 2002

Lunar laser ranging using avalanche photodiode (APD) arrays

Proc. SPIE. 4836, Survey and Other Telescope Technologies and Discoveries

KEYWORDS: Photodetectors, Telescopes, Avalanche photodetectors, Sensors, Physics, Receivers, Picosecond phenomena, Avalanche photodiodes, Pulsed laser operation, Ranging

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 24, 2002

Real-time time-variability analysis of GB to TB datasets: experience from SuperMacho and Supernova projects at NOAO/CTIO

Proc. SPIE. 4836, Survey and Other Telescope Technologies and Discoveries

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Telescopes, Astronomy, Stars, Calibration, Databases, Image processing, Data acquisition, Space telescopes, Data processing

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 24, 2002

Deep lens survey

Proc. SPIE. 4836, Survey and Other Telescope Technologies and Discoveries

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 1998

CCD mosaics--past, present, and future: a review

Proc. SPIE. 3355, Optical Astronomical Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Spectrographs, Astronomy, Imaging systems, Cameras, Sensors, CCD cameras, Image quality, Charge-coupled devices, Semiconducting wafers

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 3, 1998

MACHO data pipeline

Proc. SPIE. 3349, Observatory Operations to Optimize Scientific Return

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Stars, Cameras, Databases, Computing systems, Data processing, Telecommunications, Charge-coupled devices, Photometry, C++

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | April 1, 1998

Method for extending the dynamic range of CCD instruments

Proc. SPIE. 3301, Solid State Sensor Arrays: Development and Applications II

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Electrons, Quantization, Charge-coupled devices

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | March 14, 1995

8-megapixel thermoelectrically cooled CCD imaging system

Proc. SPIE. 2416, Cameras and Systems for Electronic Photography and Scientific Imaging

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Imaging systems, Cameras, Control systems, CCD cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Connectors, Astronomical imaging

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 12, 1993

32-megapixel dual-color CCD imaging system

Proc. SPIE. 1900, Charge-Coupled Devices and Solid State Optical Sensors III

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Optical amplifiers, Stars, Imaging systems, Cameras, Field effect transistors, Charge-coupled devices, Connectors, Analog electronics

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | May 1, 1990

Fluorophore lifetime distributions as a probe of lipid bilayer organization

Proc. SPIE. 1204, Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry II

KEYWORDS: Proteins, Modulation, Luminescence, Error analysis, Molecules, Dielectrics, Phase shift keying, Biochemistry, Laser spectroscopy, Biological research

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The fluorescence decay of membrane lipid bilayer probes are influenced by the environment of the probe and therefore by the properties of the bilayer in which it resides. Traditionally the fluorescence decay has been analyzed in the form of a multi-exponential. Analysis in the form of continuous distributions can provide a useful alternative to this approach since it introduces a new parameter, the distributional width. The physical basis underlying the distributional width, the fluorophore "environmental heterogeneity", arises from organizational aspects, compositional diversity and solvent effects. The "sampling" of environmental heterogeneity will depend on the intrinsic fluorescence lifetime, the lipid rate of motion and fluorophore charge and shape factors. We have found a good correlation of the distributional width with a number of bilayer properties. Thus as we increase the complexity of a bilayer the distributional width becomes broader, in order, from a single phospholipid molecular species, mixture of species, mixture of classes (i.e. PC+ PE etc) and species to intact natural membranes (i.e. including proteins and bilayer organizational factors). More recently we have been able to show that the protein-lipid interface itself can act as a source of fluorophore heterogeneity. Suggesting the possibility of spectroscopically isolating a region of the membrane of particular interest in the modulation of membrane processes. There are still a number of uncertainties in assigning a distributional width to a particular bilayer property. For example in comparing bilayers they could be compared at the same temperature or at the same temperature above the respective gel-liquid phase transition temperatures. In fact with regard to the relative degree of environmental heterogeneity sampled by the fluorophore it may be better to make such types of comparisons at the same respective rates of lipid motion since the rate of lipid motion is a key factor governing the sampling of environmental heterogeneity. Using this approach in the example of increasing levels of unsaturation our results suggest that unsaturation introduces structural diversity into lipid bilayers.

Showing 5 of 35 publications

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