A palladium (Pd) nanowire-based hydrogen (H2) sensor has been fabricated with a novel viral-templated assembly route. A filamentous M13 bacteriophage was used as the viral-template for assembly of Pd nanowires at ambient conditions.
Scanning electron microscopy determined Pd nanowire distribution and morphology with the devices. The phage
template concentration controlled the number of physical and electrical nanowire connections across the device. A
greater phage concentration resulted in a higher connection density and thicker Pd deposition. A lower phage
concentration generated devices which formed chain-like nanowires of Pd nanocrystals, whereas a higher phage
concentration formed devices with a continuous mesh-like structure. The lower concentration devices showed 51-78%
instantaneous response to 2000 ppm H2 and response time less than 30 s.
KEYWORDS: Gold, Nanoparticles, Nanolithography, Transmission electron microscopy, Scanning electron microscopy, Nanostructures, Proteins, Systems modeling, Viruses, Electron microscopy
A gold-binding M13 bacteriophage was used as a model system to explore templating of inorganic material on
geometrically transformed viruses . Gold-binding filamentous phage were converted to spheroid form with a short
chloroform treatment, and the resulting morphology was investigated with electron microscopy. Binding studies revealed
that spheroid-shaped gold-binding phage preserved its affinity for gold. Spheroids adhered to a planar substrate
assembled clusters or rings of gold nanoparticles. This gold-binding phage served as a demonstration of a highly shape-modifiable
viral-template for inorganic materials.
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