Using the observations from 8 weather stations in northern Xinjiang, eight weather stations in southern Xinjiang and 8 weather stations in Tianshan Mountains area, we analyzed changing features of sandstorm, floating dust, blowing-sand. The observations were collected from 1961-2000 in Xinjiang, China. The results show that southern Xinjiang was the area where sandstorm and blowing-sand occurred more often, and the occurrence was 3-5 times higher than those in northern Xinjiang. Days of floating-dust appearing in southern Xinjiang were 50 times more than those in northern Xinjiang; in Tianshan Mountains area sand-dust weather appeared less. In the last 40 years, the long-term change trend of these sand-dust weather in southern Xinjiang was similar to those in northern Xinjiang, that had been obviously decreasing since the 1990’s; the total days of sand-dust weather in southern Xinjiang in spring had a linear relationship with air temperature and precipitation of the same period, respectively.
Under the conditions of global warming, the degenerated ecological environment has threatened human survival. Therefore, people will gradually pay more attention to the environmental problem of climate change. This paper analyzes the distribution features of air temperature, relative humidity (precipitation), and the horizontal stream field in Xinjiang for July 1997. In order to do the integration of one month (July, 1997) we ran the model NCAP/PENN MM5V3. Data from WLCCD (the latest World Land Cover Characteristics Database) was used to relate the two research domains of the model, and also to replace the vegetation in the MM5. The data in the WWLCD depends on the actual land surface characteristics. It was found that the general law of air temperature, relative humidity (precipitation) and the horizontal stream field of 1000hPa in Xinjiang in July of 1997 by means of the model. The mean regional data for July helped prefect the theory that humans are controlling the ecological environment in order to prevent and control desertification. Among these results, the simulated air temperature was the best.
Microclimate observation at 2 heights (10 and 50 centimeters) in young cotton plants fields with both normal windbreak and non-normal windbreak were carried out when a dust storm took place in May 1998. Meteorological indices on the intensity of damage to the young cotton plants were obtained. These results were shown that 5% young cotton plants were damaged slightly when average velocities at the 2 heights were 1.5m/s, 2.6m/s respectively; 10% young cotton plants were damaged when these velocities were 1.6m/s, 2.9m/s respectively; 20% young cotton plants were damaged when these velocities were 1.8m/s, 2.9m/s respectively; 35% young cotton plants were damaged seriously when these velocities were 2.3m/s, 3.4m/s respectively. Economical evaluation on these plants’ damages caused by the dust storm was also conducted. The above indices were tested to be suitable in Hetian region. It is suggested that normal windbreak should be built in Hetian region in future.
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