KEYWORDS: Computer generated holography, Holograms, Diffraction, Holography, 3D modeling, Wavefronts, 3D image reconstruction, 3D displays, Holographic displays, 3D acquisition
Holographic display stands as a prominent approach for achieving lifelike three-dimensional (3D) reproductions with continuous depth sensation. However, the generation of a computer-generated hologram (CGH) always relies on the repetitive computation of diffraction propagation from point-cloud or multiple depth-sliced planar images, which inevitably leads to an increase in computational complexity, making real-time CGH generation impractical. Here, we report a new CGH generation algorithm capable of rapidly synthesizing a 3D hologram in only one-step backward propagation calculation in a novel split Lohmann lens-based diffraction model. By introducing an extra predesigned virtual digital phase modulation of multifocal split Lohmann lens in such a diffraction model, the generated CGH appears to reconstruct 3D scenes with accurate accommodation abilities across the display contents. Compared with the conventional layer-based method, the computation speed of the proposed method is independent of the quantized layer numbers, and therefore can achieve real-time computation speed with a very dense of depth sampling. Both simulation and experimental results validate the proposed method.
Holographic 3D display is considered as one of the ideal 3D displays. However, due to the large amount of data of 3Dobjects, the calculation speed of holograms is still relatively slow. In this paper, a fast hologram calculation method is proposed based on diffraction optimization. The information of 3D object is divided into the high-frequency part and the low-frequency part. The new look-up table (NLUT) algorithm is used to calculate the details of the high-frequency part, thus reducing the amount of diffraction calculation and ensuring the calculation accuracy of the details, while the low frequency information is diffracted by the faster angular spectrum algorithm. The sub-hologram of high-frequency information and the sub-hologram of low-frequency information are superimposed to obtain the final hologram. When the collimated light is used to illuminate the final hologram, the 3D reconstructed image of the object can be seen. Compared with the traditional NLUT algorithm, the calculation speed of the proposed method is increased by ~57.8%. Experiments verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Holographic display technology has emerged as one of the most attractive 3D display technologies. However, the speckle noise in the holographic reconstructed image seriously affects the viewing experience. Here, three methods for suppressing the speckle noise have been proposed.
Refractive index is an important optical parameter of the liquids. Conventional liquid refractive index measurement instruments can be classified into refractometers and interferometers according to measurement methods. These methods are relatively simple. However, the liquid in the measurement instrument is usually in contact with air and is not suitable for measuring volatile and toxic liquids. In this paper, we propose a liquid refractive index (LRI) measurement instrument based on electrowetting lens. The instrument is composed of a light source, a collimating lens, a liquid measurement chamber, an electrowetting lens and an image sensor which is integrated in a cylindrical cavity. After adding the measured liquid, the refractive index of the measurement chamber changes, and the incident light cannot be focused on the image plane. By adjusting the driving voltage of the electrowetting lens, the curvature of the liquid-liquid interface changes to focus the incident light on the image plane. According to the voltage value, we can measure the refractive index of the liquid. The proposed LRI measurement instrument has no mechanical moving parts and the imaging surface remains stationary, which can make the measurement simply and accurately. The experiments show that the measurement range can be turned from ~1.3300 to ~1.4040. The instrument can be used to measure the optical properties of liquids and has widely potential applications in chemical reagent detection and pharmaceutical testing.
A method is proposed for multiple-image encryption based on optical scanning holography (OSH) using a random phase mask (RPM) and orthogonal compressive sensing (CS). It can destroy the linearity of the traditional OSH system and possess a superior security. On the one hand, images are preferentially preprocessed by utilizing the orthogonal CS to provide a single-layer section for OSH. Therefore, the defocus noise as well as information leakage can be controlled effectively in decryption. On the other hand, each image can be extracted separately without the others’ contents. In addition, the use of RPM can bring about a more ulterior distribution to the cyphertext, which may be better than the case without the RPM. The use of orthogonal modulation matrices and RPM can provide the additional key spaces to guarantee the security of this holography cryptosystem. Simulations and discussions are also made on the cyphertext characteristics as well as the ability of resisting occlusive attack.
Holographic AR display is an augmented reality display technology with important application prospects for its ability of real 3D display. In this project, the feasibility of AR holographic display is analyzed by the information quantity conservation of optical imaging system. And an AR display system with free-form lens as combiner is designed and carried out based on LED illumination. The light emitted by the LED is collimated by a lens, and then partially reflected by the beam splitter to illuminate the LCOS. The diffracted light modulated by hologram on LCOS is filtered by a 4f optical system and reflected into free-form lens combiner by a mirror for augment reality display. Optical experiments show that the proposed system can achieve high quality imaging at different depth without speckle noise.
In this paper, a color holographic display system based on the effective utilization of the spatial light modulator (SLM) is proposed. Color reconstruction is achieved by using a single SLM. The effective viewing area of three color reconstructed images is analyzed based on the geometrical optics principle and the holographic diffraction theory. Then the effective holograms of three colors are calculated based on the calculation of the effective area of the SLM. When three color parallel light sources are used to illuminate the SLM, color chromatic aberration is compensated by adjusting the blazing grating that loaded on the SLM. At last, three color reconstructed images can be coincided in the same position with a fast speed. The experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed system.
A method is proposed for color image encryption by using optical scanning holography together with orthogonal compressive sensing, which can provide distinct keys to different channels of color image, along with synchronous encryption. The theoretical demonstration of orthogonal compressive sensing is prioritized to be narrated, which can produce a preprocessed measurement array for the subsequent sampling. The orthogonal basis matrices may provide an additional key space to guarantee the security of this cryptosystem, and the uncertainty of key is used to make a further illustration. The simulations and discussions are also made on the cyphertext characteristics, the robustness of resisting occlusive attack and some other parameters.
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