Dr. Ernest Hilsenrath Profile

Dr. Ernest Hilsenrath

at NASA Headquarters

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Author

Publications (24)

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 21, 2017

Ozone monitoring instrument flight-model on-ground and inflight calibration

Proc. SPIE. 10568, International Conference on Space Optics — ICSO 2004

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Sensors, Calibration, Reflectivity, Spectral calibration, Data processing, Diffusers, Aluminum, Charge-coupled devices, Ozone

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 19, 2008

Earth observations informing energy management: a CEOS and GEOSS perspective

Proc. SPIE. 7151, GEOSS, CEOS, and the Future Global Remote Sensing Space System for Societal Benefits

KEYWORDS: Energy efficiency, Solar energy, Solar radiation models, Data modeling, Satellites, Wind energy, Environmental sensing, Renewable energy, Atmospheric modeling, Systems modeling

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 29, 2005

Algorithm science to operations for the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) ozone mapping and profiler suite (OMPS)

Proc. SPIE. 5890, Atmospheric and Environmental Remote Sensing Data Processing and Utilization: Numerical Atmospheric Prediction and Environmental Monitoring

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Data processing, Associative arrays, Data conversion, Algorithm development, Space operations, Ozone, Algorithms

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 26, 2004

Retrievals from the Limb Ozone Retrieval Experiment on STS107

Proc. SPIE. 5542, Earth Observing Systems IX

KEYWORDS: Data modeling, Scattering, Aerosols, Light scattering, Clouds, Rayleigh scattering, Stray light, Ozone, Scatter measurement, Atmospheric modeling

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 15, 2004

Stray light characterization of the Limb Ozone Retrieval Experiment

Proc. SPIE. 5526, Optical Systems Degradation, Contamination, and Stray Light: Effects, Measurements, and Control

KEYWORDS: Point spread functions, Data modeling, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Light scattering, Deconvolution, Stray light, Ozone, Scatter measurement, Atmospheric modeling

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 2, 2004

The on-ground calibration of the ozone monitoring instrument from a scientific point of view

Proc. SPIE. 5234, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites VII

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Spectrographs, Sensors, Calibration, Reflectivity, Spectral calibration, Diffusers, Aluminum, Ozone, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 10, 2003

Atmospheric products from the ozone monitoring instrument (OMI)

Proc. SPIE. 5151, Earth Observing Systems VIII

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Aerosols, Calibration, Satellites, Ultraviolet radiation, Gases, Clouds, Data archive systems, Ozone, Atmospheric chemistry

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | January 17, 2002

Ozone monitoring instrument (OMI)

Proc. SPIE. 4480, Imaging Spectrometry VII

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Distortion, Diffusers, Charge-coupled devices, Stray light, CCD image sensors, Ozone

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 12, 2001

Toward the use of the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI)

Proc. SPIE. 4540, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites V

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Sensors, Calibration, Satellites, Ultraviolet radiation, Data processing, Diffusers, Charge-coupled devices, Ozone

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 15, 2000

Ozone monitoring with the OMI instrument

Proc. SPIE. 4132, Imaging Spectrometry VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Polarization, Sensors, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Diffusers, Charge-coupled devices, CCD image sensors, Ozone

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 24, 1999

Scientific requirements and optical design of the ozone monitoring instrument on EOS-CHEM

Proc. SPIE. 3750, Earth Observing Systems IV

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Optical design, Aerosols, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Gases, Clouds, NOx, Charge-coupled devices, Ozone

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 27, 1998

Backscatter ultraviolet instrument solar diffuser degradation

Proc. SPIE. 3427, Optical Systems Contamination and Degradation

KEYWORDS: Contamination, Backscatter, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Lamps, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Aluminum, Space operations, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 18, 1998

Characterization of a hardened ultrastable UV linear variable filter and recent results on the radiometric stability of narrowband interference filters subjected to temperature/humidity, thermal/v

Proc. SPIE. 3501, Optical Remote Sensing of the Atmosphere and Clouds

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Optical filters, Sensors, Ultraviolet radiation, Ionizing radiation, Interference filters, Linear filtering, Humidity, Transmittance, Temperature metrology

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 31, 1997

Calibration and characterization of remote sensing instruments using ultrastable interference filters

Proc. SPIE. 3221, Sensors, Systems, and Next-Generation Satellites

KEYWORDS: Aerospace engineering, Calibration, Remote sensing, Interference filters, Spectral calibration, Monochromators, Stray light, Environmental sensing, Thermal energy technology

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 11, 1996

Radiometric calibration of second-generation Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS)

Proc. SPIE. 2820, Earth Observing System

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Calibration, Satellites, Lamps, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Collimation, Diffusers, Integrating spheres, Ozone, Free electron lasers

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 8, 1996

Remote sensing applications of continuous spectral backscatter ultraviolet measurements

Proc. SPIE. 2831, Ultraviolet Atmospheric and Space Remote Sensing: Methods and Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Backscatter, Scattering, Calibration, Satellites, Ultraviolet radiation, Remote sensing, Ions, Clouds, Ozone, Radiative transfer

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 8, 1996

Rayleigh scattering attitude sensor

Proc. SPIE. 2831, Ultraviolet Atmospheric and Space Remote Sensing: Methods and Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Infrared sensors, Sensors, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Detector arrays, Space telescopes, Rayleigh scattering, Diodes, Earth's atmosphere, Bandpass filters

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 21, 1994

Spectroradiometric calibration and validation of space instruments used to derive long-term changes in stratospheric ozone using the solar backscattered ultraviolet radiation technique

Proc. SPIE. 2318, Recent Advances in Remote Sensing and Hyperspectral Remote Sensing

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Aerospace engineering, Calibration, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Diffusers, Ozone, Spherical lenses, Free electron lasers

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Beginning in the mid 1960's large aperture scanning radiometers have been used in space to determine spectroradiometric properties of earth scenes in the red and near infrared regions. Panel diffusers as calibration sources for these radiometers were abandoned in favor of internally illuminated integrating spheres because of problems of illuminating the panel diffuser uniformly.1 Since 1970 spectroradiometric instruments used in space for remote sensing of the atmosphere in the ultraviolet for the determination of stratospheric ozone and total column amounts have used spectral radiance calibrations derived from calibrated panel diffusers illuminated by NIST standards of spectral irradiance. An advantage of the panel diffuser technique is simplicity of the experimental set up. Stratospheric ozone profiles and total column amounts are derived from ratios of atmospheric radiances to corresponding solar irradiances incident at the top of the atmosphere in the wavelength region of 250 - 340 nm. An inherent problem associated with measurements for the remote sensing of stratospheric ozone which is not shared with remote sensing measurements of earth scenes at longer wavelengths of the solar scattering and reflective region is the extremely large dynamic range of atmospheric radiances and the steep gradients of radiance with wavelength. For a typical wavelength scan the spectral radiance changes by about lO and the average signal level of a spectral scan can shift by another factor of 25 or more due to solar zenith angle changes between the subsolar point and the solar zenith angle limit of useful scan information which is within a couple of degrees of the terminator. The derivation of spectral radiance calibrations using either the sphere or panel diffuser techniques for ultraviolet remote sensing instruments are single point calibrations at each wavelength. A subsequent linearity calibration of the detector and electronics is made in non dispersed or white light over the entire dynamic range of the instrument of more than six decades. Consequently the derived radiometric calibration constants consist of a radiometric sensitivity term and a signal dependent linearity correction. An initial comparison of spectral radiance calibrations of SBUV-2 instruments using spherical integrator and panel diffuser techniques has been given by Heath et al.2. Subsequent work by Heath et al. describes the results from comparisons of four spectral radiance calibrations derived using panel diffuser techniques with five spectral radiance calibrations derived using spherical integrator techniques for three different SBUV-2 instruments. The comparability of the sphere and panel diffuser spectral radiance calibration techniques is assesed by comparing derived average BRDF values of panel diffusers based upon the sphere technique with laboratory measurements of BRDF of the panel diffusers. The sphere radiances determined relative to NIST standards of spectral irradiance are compared with measurements of sphere radiance relative to a NIST high temperature blackbody source. This work describes the evaluation of the consistency of spectral radiance calibration scales established using panel diffuser and internally illuminated spherical integrator techniques for the SSBUV and SBUV-2 Flight Model 5 instruments using zenith sky radiance measurements as a function of solar zenith angle (UMKEHR) which coincident in space and time. Also described are the spectral radiance calibrations of the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME) with the NASA sphere which has been used to intercalibrate SBUV-2 and SSBUV instruments. These spectral radiance calibration constants are compared with those derived using a Spectralon panel diffuser whose BRDF was measured at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center by J. Butler.

SPIE Journal Paper | November 1, 1994

Effects of Space Shuttle flight on the reflectance characteristics of diffusers in the near-infrared, visible, and ultraviolet regions

Ernest Hilsenrath, Howard Herzig, Donald Williams, Carol Bruegge, Albert Stiegman

OE Vol. 33 Issue 11

KEYWORDS: Diffusers, Reflectivity, Aluminum, Contamination, Ultraviolet radiation, Calibration, Ozone, Space operations, Visible radiation, Environmental sensing

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 14, 1994

Comparisons of UV spectral radiance calibrations of SBUV/2 type ozone monitoring instruments and traceability to NIST

Proc. SPIE. 2282, Ultraviolet Technology V

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Lamps, Spectral calibration, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Black bodies, Diffusers, Spherical lenses, Free electron lasers

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 13, 1994

Comparability of spectral radiance calibrations of large aperture earth observing instruments based upon diffuse reflective panels and internally illuminated spherical integrator techniques

Proc. SPIE. 2209, Space Optics 1994: Earth Observation and Astronomy

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Calibration, Lamps, Reflectivity, Spectral calibration, Bidirectional reflectance transmission function, Diffusers, Phase transfer function, Spherical lenses, Free electron lasers

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 6, 1993

Effects of space shuttle flight on the reflectance characteristics of diffusers in the NIR, VIS, and UV

Proc. SPIE. 2018, Passive Materials for Optical Elements II

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Optical components, Contamination, Calibration, Ultraviolet radiation, Reflectivity, Diffusers, Aluminum, Ozone, Environmental sensing

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 1, 1991

Radiometric stability of the shuttle-borne solar backscatter ultraviolet spectrometer

Proc. SPIE. 1493, Calibration of Passive Remote Observing Optical and Microwave Instrumentation

KEYWORDS: Aerospace engineering, Backscatter, Calibration, Quartz, Satellites, Ultraviolet radiation, Lamps, Diffusers, Microwave radiation, Ozone

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SPIE Journal Paper | June 1, 1990

Book Rvw: Ozone Measuring Instruments for the Stratosphere. Edited by William B. Grant

Ernest Hilsenrath

OE Vol. 29 Issue 06

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