In this study, we developed novel techniques of nanometer-scale measurement and deposition using an atomic force
microscope (AFM) with a nanopipette in liquid condition. The nanopipette, filled with CuSO4 electrolyte solution, was
employed as the AFM probe. Observation and deposition of nanometer-scale Cu dots were carried out using the
nanopipette probe. In order to avoid drying of the nanopipette solution and clogging of the probe-edge aperture, Cu dots
were deposited and measured in liquid condition. As for the measurement of the surface, the nanopipette probe was
glued on a tuning fork quartz crystal resonator (TF-QCR) to detect a probe oscillation and vertically oscillated to use a
method of frequency modulation in tapping-mode AFM. With regard to the deposition of nanometer-scale Cu dot, an
electrode wire inside the electrolyte-filled nanopipette and conductive surface of Au coated glass slide were employed as
the anode and cathode, respectively. By utilizing the probe-surface distance control during the deposition, nanometerscale
Cu dot were successfully deposited on Au surface without the diffusion. Then, the deposited dots were observed by
using the nanopipette probe. This technique of the local deposition in the liquid would be applicable for various fields
such as fabrication of micro/nanometer-scale devices and arrangement of biological samples.
We describe a nanometer-scale manipulatoion and cutting method using ultrasonic oscillation scratching. The system is based on a
modified atomic force microscope (AFM) coupled with a haptic device as a human interface. By handling the haptic device, the
operator can directly move the AFM probe to manipulate nanometer scale objects and cut a surface while feeling the reaction from the
surface in his or her fingers. As for manipulation using the system, nanometer-scale spheres were controllably moved by feeling the
sensation of the AFM probe touching the spheres. As for cutting performance, the samples were prepared on an AT-cut quartz crystal
resonator (QCR) set on an AFM sample holder. The QCR oscillates at its resonance frequency (9 MHz) with an amplitude of a few
nanometers. Thus it is possible to cut the sample surface smoothly by the interaction between the AFM probe and the oscillating
surface, even when the samples are viscoelastics such as polymers and biological samples. The ultrasonic nano-manipulation and
cutting system would be a very useful and effective tool in the fields of nanometer-scale engineering and biological sciences.
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