An experiment was performed to determine whether typical industrial automotive color paint comparisons made using real physical samples could also be carried out using a digital simulation displayed on a calibrated color television monitor. A special light booth, designed to facilitate evaluation of the car paint color with reflectance angle, was employed in both the real and virtual color comparisons. Paint samples were measured using a multi-angle spectrophotometer and were simulated using a commercially available software package. Subjects performed the test quicker using the computer graphic simulation, and results indicate that there is only a small difference between the decisions made using the light booth and the computer monitor. This outcome demonstrates the potential of employing simulations to replace some of the time consuming work with real physical samples that still characterizes material appearance work in industry.
A visual difference metric was implemented on a commodity graphics card to take advantage of the increased processing power available today in a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). The specific algorithm employed was the Sarnoff Visual Discrimination Metric (Sarnoff VDM). To begin the implementation, the typical architecture of a contemporary GPU was analyzed and some general strategies were developed for performing image processing tasks on GPUs. The stages of the Sarnoff VDM were then mapped onto the hardware and the implementation was completed. A performance analysis showed that the algorithm's speed had been increased by an order of magnitude over the original version that only ran on a CPU. The same analysis showed that the energy stage was the most expensive in terms of both program size and processing time. An interactive version of the Sarnoff
VDM was developed and some ideas for additional applications of GPU based visual difference metrics were suggested.
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