Space-borne One-dimensional multifrequency synthetic aperture microwave radiometer (1D-MSAMR) offers new possibilities for detecting high spatial resolution sea surface temperature (SST). To achieve simultaneous observation of multifrequency, we present a spatial resolution calculation model of 1D-MSAMR. Based on this model, the relationship between spatial resolution and antenna parameters are discussed thoroughly in this paper. In addition, we present a set of antenna parameters which can realize the simultaneous observation. The results indicate that the spatial resolution is symmetrical with the change of incidence angle, and the larger the incidence angle, the lower the spatial resolution; the spatial resolution is improved by increasing the minimum antenna spacing, increasing the maximum baseline, or increasing the operating frequency; and to achieve simultaneous observation with multiple frequencies the minimum baseline and the maximum baseline of each frequency need to be consistent. A reasonable antenna parameter scheme for 1D-MSAMR is proposed based on spatial resolution characteristics.
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