Mr. Hao Chen Profile

Hao Chen

at Univ of Auckland

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Proceedings Article | 16 April 2016 Paper

In-vivo spinal nerve sensing in MISS using Raman spectroscopy

Hao Chen, Weiliang Xu, Neil Broderick

Proceedings Volume 9802, 98021L (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2218783

KEYWORDS: Raman spectroscopy, Nerve, Spine, Spinal cord, Surgery, Fiber optics sensors, Sensors, Light scattering, Bone, Fiber optics, Raman scattering

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In modern Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery (MISS), lack of visualization and haptic feedback information are the main obstacles. The spinal cord is a part of the central nervous system (CNS). It is a continuation of the brain stem, carries motor and sensory messages between CNS and the rest of body, and mediates numerous spinal reflexes. Spinal cord and spinal nerves are of great importance but vulnerable, once injured it may result in severe consequences to patients, e.g. paralysis. Raman Spectroscopy has been proved to be an effective and powerful tool in biological and biomedical applications as it works in a rapid, non-invasive and label-free way. It can provide molecular vibrational features of tissue samples and reflect content and proportion of protein, nucleic acids lipids etc. Due to the distinct chemical compositions spinal nerves have, we proposed that spinal nerves can be identified from other types of tissues by using Raman spectroscopy. Ex vivo experiments were first done on samples taken from swine backbones. Comparative spectral data of swine spinal cord, spinal nerves and adjacent tissues (i.e. membrane layer of the spinal cord, muscle, bone and fatty tissue) are obtained by a Raman micro-spectroscopic system and the peak assignment is done. Then the average spectra of all categories of samples are averaged and normalized to the same scale to see the difference against each other. The results verified the feasibility of spinal cord and spinal nerves identification by using Raman spectroscopy. Besides, a fiber-optic Raman sensing system including a miniature Raman sensor for future study is also introduced. This Raman sensor can be embedded into surgical tools for MISS.

Proceedings Article | 22 December 2015 Paper

A temperature-compensated optical fiber force sensor for minimally invasive surgeries

Z. Mo, W. Xu, N. Broderick, H. Chen

Proceedings Volume 9668, 966850 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2202539

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Fabry–Perot interferometers, Optical sensors, Optical fibers, Temperature metrology, Thermal effects, Optical sensing, Magnetic resonance imaging

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Force sensing in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) is a chronic problem since it has an intensive magnetic resonance (MR) operation environment, which causes a high influence to traditional electronic force sensors. Optical sensor is a promising choice in this area because it is immune to MR influence. However, the changing temperature introduces a lot of noise signals to them, which is the main obstacle for optical sensing applications in MIS. This paper proposes a miniature temperature-compensated optical force sensor by using Fabry-Perot interference (FPI) principle. It can be integrated into medical tools’ tips and the temperature noise is decreased by using a reference FPI temperature sensor. An injection needle with embedded temperature-compensated FPI force sensor has been fabricated and tested. And the comparison between temperature-force simulation results and the temperature-force experiment results has been carried out.

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