Mr. James C. Battis Profile

James C. Battis

at Air Force Research Lab

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (1)

This will count as one of your downloads.

You will have access to both the presentation and article (if available).

DOWNLOAD NOW

This content is available for download via your institution's subscription. To access this item, please sign in to your personal account.

Email or Username Forgot your username?

Password Forgot your password?

Show

Keep me signed in

No SPIE account? Create an account

Proceedings Article | 20 May 2005 Paper

Detection of underground tunnels with a synchronized electromagnetic wave gradiometer

Larry Stolarczyk, Robert Troublefield, James Battis

Proceedings Volume 5778, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.609623

KEYWORDS: Signal detection, Receivers, Electromagnetism, Transmitters, Mining, Electromagnetic radiation, Signal to noise ratio, Fourier transforms, Magnetism, Antennas

Read Abstract +

Cross-border tunnels have been used by drug, people smugglers and terrorist organizations for clandestine entry or exit and transportation of contraband materials under the borders. The ability to detect these tunnels is paramount to successful border control. The Synchronized Electromagnetic Gradiometer uses the enhanced conductivity associated with tunnels, as compared to the surrounding medium, to detect the tunnels. A low-frequency electromagnetic (EM) signal is used to illuminate the area of interest. This signal, in turn, induces current flow in any conductors within the tunnel that generate secondary EM fields observable at a distance from the tunnel. The magnitude of the secondary wave can be orders of magnitude less than the illuminating signal. An efficient detection system has been achieved by using a gradiometer design that suppresses the illuminating signal by more than 70 dB while maximizing the secondary signal with a narrow bandwidth (BW = 1 Hz) synchronized receiver. This paper describes the performance of the Synchronized Electromagnetic Wave Gradiometer during several field studies and demonstrations including the Otay Mesa cross-border tunnel near San Diego, California.

My Library

You currently do not have any folders to save your paper to! Create a new folder below.

Folder Name

Folder Description

View contact details

UPDATE YOUR PROFILE

Is this your profile? Update it now.

Sign into your SPIE.org account

Don’t have a profile and want one?

Create an account on SPIE.org

Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks. You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*

*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please sign in to access your institution's subscriptions.

To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on SPIE.org.

ORGANIZATIONAL
Sign in with credentials provided by your organization.

Organizational Username

Organizational Password

Show/Hide Password

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available

Members:

Non-members: ADD TO CART

Keywords/Phrases

Search In:

Publication Years