In the detection of atmospheric temperature profile by Rayleigh scattering, the influence of Brillouin scattering is usually ignored and the accuracy of temperature detection is reduced. Current researches on Brillouin scattering are mainly focusing on hydrodynamic and Knudsen regime, few researches has been done on the kinetic regime. In order to improve the precision of atmospheric temperature measurement, a mathematical model based on three Gussian distributions was adopted to study the Rayleigh-Brillouin scattering spectrum (RBS) in kinetic regime, the mixed Rayleigh and Brillouin signal in atmospheric echo signal is separated to obtain independent Rayleigh and Brillouin spectrum. Finally, the experimental platform was set up to control simulation of atmospheric environment system and establishes a hyperspectral splitting optical system based on Fabry-Perot interferometer. The spectrum obtained by the experiment was used to optimize the mathematical model and improve the detection accuracy of atmospheric temperature profiles.
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