Study of wave propagation with random amplitude and phase, which overlap to form interference, is presented. Where each superimposed wave has independent random amplitude and phases that are monitored by the visibility parameter. This parameter is a function of the spatial correlation distribution of amplitudes and phases of the waves that emerge from the openings. The interference fringes visibility depends on the degree of phase randomness and to a lesser extent wave amplitude.
There are many polymers applications in the industry, but some polymers can be used also as material for
holographic register. Photopolymer materials with others components are promising candidates for holographic
replications. We report in this manuscript the analysis of some its electro-optical and chemical properties as;
diffraction efficiency, pH, resistivity experimental and technique to obtain holograms replication with lithographic
techniques.
An organic conductor polymer was doped with benzalkonium chloride to get a photoluminescent effect at 560
nm and it was used as holographic material. We used a digital image to generate a hologram in a computer and it was
transferred by microlithography techniques to our polymer to get a phase hologram. The transference is successful by
rubbing, the heat increment produce temperature gradients and the information in the mask is transferred to the material
by the refraction index changes, thus the film is recorded. We recorded some gratings to observe the behavior of
photoluminescent light with different frequencies when it is radiated with a green laser beam at 532 nm.
We developed a holographic material based on glucose. The material is recorded by its crystalline polymerization when
it is radiated with ultraviolet light. Also we doped our holographic material with a colorant (pink Deiman(R)), obtaining a
parallel photoluminescence phenomenon. Thus, a diffraction grating generated in a computer is transferred to our
material using UV light, and it is reconstructed by a green laser beam. We analyzed the grating efficiency and the
photoluminescent light emitted.
Multitudes of materials were and are investigated for holographic recording. materials and processes are
advantageous because its has high exposure sensitivity, high diffraction efficiency, stability, etc.
We report a photosensitive emulsion its electro-optical and chemical properties by mixing PVA with metallic salts
and ammonium dichromate. We describe a hypothesis with respect to some mechanisms of photo and thermo
sensitivity to different characteristics in emulsions.
The holographic properties of dichromate gelatin (DCG) doped with natural colorants, in order to change the
absorbance spectrum profile, and increasing the material sensibility, obtaining a good photo sensibility in other spectral
emission line laser as blue. We showed some basics studies referent possible mechanism to storage information with
this doping, and reported results. We show a light description technique to obtain holograms with these colored
materials, as some experimental results.
Photoluminescence light is emitted at 640 nm by a biopolymeric emulsion based on glucose and current colorant when it is radiated by a green laser at 532nm. Its absorbance profile behavior versus its photoluminescence spectra was graphed and compared, also the photoluminescence emission was compared with the pumping profile which was modulated with a chopper at 140 hertz to obtain the same modulation of its photoluminescent emission. Thus it was distinguished and analyzed the phenomenon behavior.
We synthesized a photoluminescent conductor polymer composed of polyvinyl alcohol, which was doped with nickel
chloride to decrease its resistivity (300 Ωcm) and benzalkonium chloride to obtain photoluminescence properties, when
it is radiated with a green laser beam (532 nm). We compared its absorbance curve and its energy emitted curve to
observe the amount energy that is taken advantage of this process. Besides we research the photoluminescence behavior
when an electric currant is applied in our conductor polymer, obtaining a modulation capacity.
We observed that a commercial epoxy resin (Comex(R) is enable to record images by means of lithography techniques. We can generate a hologram using a digital image and a computer simulation program and transferred it on our resin by microlithography techniques to get a phase hologram and increase its efficiency. The exposition to the heat produce temperature gradients and the information in the mask is transferred to the material by the refraction index changes, thus the film is recorded. At the same time the hologram is cured.
We present holograms generated in a computer to an acrylic enamel slide (Comex(R)), getting phase holograms. The information in the mask is transferred to the material by temperature gradients generated by rubbing. The refraction index is transformed at each material point by the temperature changes, thus the film is recorded and developed by itself. this material can be used for soft lithography.
The study and optimization of new materials for holographic recording open new applications about these, we find the biopolymer, which offer a high response at the same way, the lactose present this characteristic, Preliminary studies shows, some properties with the ability to storage information, these can be used for holographic recording medium. In this present manuscript we made on analysis of its optical and chemical properties as: refraction index, diffraction efficiency, technique to obtain hologram and experimental replication results of computer holograms. The advantage that this material it is that does not need developed process of developed at environment conditions.
We used CoCl2 as dopant with PVA, to do holograms for different concentrations and process as photo and thermo-polymerizations under environmental conditions. We present the quantitative results of the diffraction efficiency parameter from digital holograms storage, bearing in mind variable so much physical and chemical to different concentrations.
Metallic salt MgCl2 as dopant, its concentration, and electro-chemical behaviour, as the physico-chemicals changes in the doped process; these are elements determinant to obtain a final conductive
polymer product. We present some results from properties electro-optics of the PVA doped with MgCl2, for this form will be use as conductive polymer and holographic material, we present the diffraction efficiency parameter from the gratings made with our conductor polymer material.
We show that juice pineapple can be considering as new unconventional holographic recorded medium,
because it has good chemical and optical properties. Some structures of computers phase holograms are copied into this
material by thermo-polymerization therefore in this research we present a preliminary analysis and experimental results.
The major improvements from our material are: good diffraction efficiency, reduced cost, easily to apply on any
substrate and the hologram is making with out develop process. the nature sweetener from pineapple can be applied for
the food industry mainly in the candy industry.
The molecular dope and his concentration can be change the conductivity of the polymer in several magnitude orders. Everything will depend on the final characteristic that ensues from the process estereochemical, from the polymer and of the chemical and physical factors that they are involved process. We present in this manuscript the evolution characterization of the resistivity parameter of a solution formed by a polymer (PVA) doping with metallic salt (FeCl3) construct a conductive polymer. We present quantitative results of the temporary evolution and behaviour of the resistivity parameters of some solution to different concentrations considering his physical and chemical properties.
Using an array of laser microscope and a photoluminescent material, we can differentiate the upper and lower extremes of a specimen without changing the focus. It contributes a non-destructive test, which increases the perception of details at microscopic level.
Radiating doped carotenoids synthesized at INAOE by an ultraviolet beam, significant conductivity and chromatic changes are observed, being useful for several applications as would be an images recorder material of high resolution cured with UV radiation, using its transmittance modulation.
A microlithography technique is presented to record interference patterns generated by computer in a conductor polymer film( polyvinyl alcohol doped with nickel chloride), getting phase holograms. The information in the mask is transferred to the material by temperature gradients generated by exposition to the heat. The refraction index is transformed at each material point by the temperature changes, thus the film is recorded and developed by itself. This way, new boundaries are opened between electronics and optics, for example chips in holograms.
We report new material to record holographic images in an organic polymer of sap plant (Aeonium Nobile) by conventional microlithographic techniques with ultraviolet light. The information of the mask is transferred like a polymerized regions modulation. It is a phase modulation by means of refraction index. The material is developed by itself by means of the well-known physical-chemical reaction of cured.
Characteristics as a blue clear appearance, viscous solution, odorless are some properties from Polyvinyl alcohol (APV), as a dry film it is clear transparent, shows high flexibility and it is a good insulator. This polymer does not contain double link then it does not have π orbital that permit an inherently conductivity when it is doped. However, can be doped with salts as nickel chloride hexahydrate NiCl26H2O constructing a good conductor polymer with a resistivity around 300Ω cm. This doped polymer shows high dependency to the oxygen molecule by its molecular form or its presence in the humidity of the atmosphere. If a high vacuum is applied in a reactor with the doped polymer the value of resistivity increases quickly. The material shows a light reduction of resistivity parameter when its temperature is increased. Finally the polymer doped maintains high flexibility opening new possibilities and applications.
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