We have found that spherical gold nanoparticles immobilized on a gold substrate with a gap of a few nanometers, which is supported by self-assembled monolayers, show large activity of second-harmonic generation (SHG). Spectroscopic SHG measurements were performed with a Ti:Sa laser in order to investigate the origin of the intense SHG. It was found that the SHG intensity increases with shorter wavelength region, indicating that the enhancement originates from localized surface plasmon resonance in the system. We also fabricated microarrays of the surface immobilized gold nanoparticles through photoregistration of the self-assembled monolayers used to support the nanogap. The nanoparticle microarrays were characterized by SHG microscopy. The microarrays can be applied to multichannel biological sensors using linear optical spectroscopy.
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