Based on the birefringence of the laser crystal and cavity design, a simple method directly generate radially and azimuthally polarized laser beams with a c-cut Nd:GdVO4 in a three-element cavity. The experimental results reveal that the transformations of polarization are observed by tuning cavity length with hundreds of micrometer. The slope efficiency is maintained up to 36.7% and output power reaches up to 1.34 W with the pump power of 5 W. The degree of polarizations can be greater than 92.2% for both of azimuthally and radially polarized beams. By considering the extraction efficiency from pump energy with the condition of changing the cavity length for o-ray and e-ray, mechanism of polarization transformation in the laser is discussed.
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