Strong instrinsic light-matter coupling was realized within nanostructured bulk flakes of the transition metal dichalcogenide tungsten disulfide. WS2 metasurfaces driven by the concept of symmetry-protected bound states in the continuum (BIC) show sharp resonances, which are tuned over the exciton leading to an, in transmission measurements resolved, anti-crossing pattern with a Rabi splitting of 116 meV. The BIC-inherent control over the systems radiative loss rate leads to a tunable coupling strength, independent of material-intrinsic losses.
While high index dielectrics and plasmonics offer many opportunities for research and techonology in the field of nanophotonics, 2D materials can expand this potential in the visible and near-infrared due to high refractive indices, a large range of transparency windows, and new fabrication possibilities due to van der Waals adhesion to any substrate. We extract dielectric constants of 11 layered materials including TMDs, III-VI semiconductors, and magnetics. We fabricate nanoantennas and observe Mie resonances as well as strong coupling of TMD excitons and anapole modes with Rabi splittings of 140 meV. We also observe room temperature Purcell enhancement of WSe2 monolayer emission and low temperature formation of single photon emitters with enhanced quantum efficiencies. Due to weak adhesion to the substrate, we employed an AFM tip in the repositioning of dimer nanoantennas to form ultra-small hotspots enabling optical trapping of quantum emitters with Purcell factors above 150.
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