Prof. Michelle J. Creech-Eakman Profile

Prof. Michelle J. Creech-Eakman

Project Scientist at New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Chair | Conference Program Committee | Editor | Author

Publications (48)

SPIE Conference Volume | September 10, 2018

Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 10, 2018

Weather trends at the Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Proc. SPIE. 10704, Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VII

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Astronomy, Interferometers, Clouds, Humidity, Meteorology, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

There have been astronomical observatories on Magdalena Ridge in south-central New Mexico since the late 1960s. Magdalena Ridge is relatively flat, at an average elevation of 10,560 feet (3220 meters) with a north-south length of 3/4 of a mile. In 2000 the Magdalena Ridge Observatory began site testing for two new facilities: a 2.4-meter optical telescope and a 10-element optical interferometer. As part of that testing, meteorological instrumentation was deployed at several locations across the mountain. As a result, we have an 18 year history of regular experience with the environment, including weather and cloud cover data for much of this time period. We present trends in the basic meteorological parameters: temperature, humidity, barometric pressure, wind speeds and directions, and cloud cover. Diurnal temperatures ranges vary from 15 C° in the spring when it is largest to 10 C° in the summer months when it is smallest. Barometric pressure varies more in the spring and fall than in the summer. Annual rain fall levels vary greatly with an average of about 10 inches of rain per year. The snow amounts have traditionally been very hard to measure as the area is partly above the tree line and wind-blown snow can leave parts of the region barren while other parts have a foot or more of snow. Winds speeds are typically 10 to 20 miles per hour. Wind speeds have been measured above 100 mph (45 m/s), with wind gusts as high as 125 mph (56 m/s), though this is primarily a spring phenomenon. The wind direction is predominately out of the Southwest. Wind speeds at the 2.4-meter telescope location are frequently 2 times as high wind speeds at the optical interferometer site due to the differences in terrain to the West of the two sites. An optical allsky camera has been in operation on the Ridge from 2003 to 2012 with nightly sequences of images obtained on most nights when the winds were less than 15 m/s and the humidity below 90%. Analysis of this imagery shows that a majority of the nights would be useable for astronomical observations. We present an overview of statistics of the site and discuss how these statistics will be used for defining appropriate operational windows for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer.

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

The MROI fringe tracking system: camera hardware modifications to integrate the SAPHIRA detector

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Zemax, Monochromatic aberrations, Spectrographs, Electronics, Imaging systems, Cameras, Sensors, Interferometry, Optical alignment, Tolerancing

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

Planet formation imager: project update

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Mid-IR, Telescopes, Stars, Interferometers, Interferometry, Exoplanets, Space telescopes, Heterodyning, Planets

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory interferometer: first light and deployment of the first telescope on the array

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Sensors, Interferometry, Space telescopes, Relays, Reflector telescopes, Optical instrument design, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer (MROI) has been under development for almost two decades. Initial funding for the facility started before the year 2000 under the Army and then Navy, and continues today through the Air Force Research Laboratory. With a projected total cost of substantially less than $200M, it represents the least expensive way to produce sub-milliarcsecond optical/near-infrared images that the astronomical community could invest in during the modern era, as compared, for instance, to extremely large telescopes or space interferometers. The MROI, when completed, will be comprised of 10 x1.4m diameter telescopes distributed on a Y-shaped array such that it will have access to spatial scales ranging from about 40 milliarcseconds down to less than 0.5 milliarcseconds. While this type of resolution is not unprecedented in the astronomical community, the ability to track fringes on and produce images of complex targets approximately 5 magnitudes fainter than is done today represents a substantial step forward. All this will be accomplished using a variety of approaches detailed in several papers from our team over the years. Together, these two factors, multiple telescopes deployed over very long-baselines coupled with fainter limiting magnitudes, will allow MROI to conduct science on a wide range and statistically meaningful samples of targets. These include pulsating and rapidly rotating stars, mass-loss via accretion and mass-transfer in interacting systems, and the highly-active environments surrounding black holes at the centers of more than 100 external galaxies. This represents a subsample of what is sure to be a tremendous and serendipitous list of science cases as we move ahead into the era of new space telescopes and synoptic surveys. Additional investigations into imaging man-made objects will be undertaken, which are of particular interest to the defense and space-industry communities as more human endeavors are moved into the space environment.

In 2016 the first MROI telescope was delivered and deployed at Magdalena Ridge in the maintenance facility. Having undergone initial check-out and fitting the system with optics and a fast tip-tilt system, we eagerly anticipate installing the telescope enclosure in 2018. The telescope and enclosure will be integrated at the facility and moved to the center of the interferometric array by late summer of 2018 with a demonstration of the performance of an entire beamline from telescope to beam combiner table shortly thereafter. At this point, deploying two more telescopes and demonstrating fringe-tracking, bootstrapping and limiting magnitudes for the facility will prove the full promise of MROI. A complete status update of all subsystems follows in the paper, as well as discussions of potential collaborative initiatives.

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

Initial steps toward a new method of atmospheric characterization over long baseline arrays

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Astronomy, Interferometers, Calibration, Wavelets, Wavefronts, Humidity, Signal processing

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

Towards integration of the Unit Telescope for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Safety, Interferometers, Cameras, Optical fabrication, Telecommunications, Optical alignment, Analytical research, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 9, 2018

Aperture synthesis imaging of colored GEO objects

Proc. SPIE. 10701, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging VI

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Data modeling, Interferometers, Satellites, Image restoration, Satellite imaging, Spatial resolution

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 6, 2018

The new NESSI: refurbishment of an NIR MOS for characterizing exoplanets using the Hale telescope

Proc. SPIE. 10702, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy VII

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Sensors, Exoplanets, Near infrared spectroscopy, Cryogenics, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

SPIE Conference Volume | November 16, 2016

Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging V

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 4, 2016

Architecture design study and technology road map for the Planet Formation Imager (PFI)

Proc. SPIE. 9907, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging V

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Mid-IR, Telescopes, Stars, Imaging systems, Image restoration, L band, Heterodyning, Planets, Visibility

Read Abstract

The Planet Formation Imager (PFI) Project has formed a Technical Working Group (TWG) to explore possible facility architectures to meet the primary PFI science goal of imaging planet formation in situ in nearby starforming regions. The goals of being sensitive to dust emission on solar system scales and resolving the Hill-sphere around forming giant planets can best be accomplished through sub-milliarcsecond imaging in the thermal infrared. Exploiting the 8-13 micron atmospheric window, a ground-based long-baseline interferometer with approximately 20 apertures including 10km baselines will have the necessary resolution to image structure down 0.1 milliarcseconds (0.014 AU) for T Tauri disks in Taurus. Even with large telescopes, this array will not have the sensitivity to directly track fringes in the mid-infrared for our prime targets and a fringe tracking system will be necessary in the near-infrared. While a heterodyne architecture using modern mid-IR laser comb technology remains a competitive option (especially for the intriguing 24 and 40μm atmospheric windows), the prioritization of 3-5μm observations of CO/H2O vibrotational levels by the PFI-Science Working Group (SWG) pushes the TWG to require vacuum pipe beam transport with potentially cooled optics. We present here a preliminary study of simulated L- and N-band PFI observations of a realistic 4-planet disk simulation, finding 21x2.5m PFI can easily detect the accreting protoplanets in both L and N-band but can see non-accreting planets only in L band. We also find that even an ambitious PFI will lack sufficient surface brightness sensitivity to image details of the fainter emission from dust structures beyond 5 AU, unless directly illuminated or heated by local energy sources. That said, the utility of PFI at N-band is highly dependent on the stage of planet formation in the disk and we require additional systematic studies in conjunction with the PFI-SWG to better understand the science capabilities of PFI, including the potential to resolve protoplanetary disks in emission lines to measure planet masses using position-velocity diagrams. We advocate for a specific technology road map in order to reduce the current cost driver (telescopes) and to validate high accuracy fringe tracking and high dynamic range imaging at L, M band. In conclusion, no technology show-stoppers have been identified for PFI to date, however there is high potential for breakthroughs in medium-aperture (4-m class) telescopes architecture that could reduce the cost of PFI by a factor of 2 or more.

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 4, 2016

High fidelity imaging of geosynchronous satellites with the MROI

Proc. SPIE. 9907, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging V

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Spatial frequencies, Interferometers, Satellites, Satellites, Interferometry, Satellite imaging, Space telescopes, Spatial resolution, Earth observing sensors, Earth observing sensors, Visibility

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 4, 2016

A new path to first light for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 9907, Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging V

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Telescopes, Interferometers, Sensors, Interfaces, Interferometry, Space telescopes, Space telescopes, Relays, Infrared radiation, Situational awareness sensors, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer (MROI) was the most ambitious infrared interferometric facility conceived of in 2003 when funding began. Today, despite having suffered some financial short-falls, it is still one of the most ambitious interferometric imaging facilities ever designed. With an innovative approach to attaining the original goal of fringe tracking to H = 14^th magnitude via completely redesigned mobile telescopes, and a unique approach to the beam train and delay lines, the MROI will be able to image faint and complex objects with milliarcsecond resolutions for a fraction of the cost of giant telescopes or space-based facilities. The design goals of MROI have been optimized for studying stellar astrophysical processes such as mass loss and mass transfer, the formation and evolution of YSOs and their disks, and the environs of nearby AGN.

The global needs for Space Situational Awareness (SSA) have moved to the forefront in many communities as Space becomes a more integral part of a national security portfolio. These needs drive imaging capabilities ultimately to a few tens of centimeter resolution at geosynchronous orbits. Any array capable of producing images on faint and complex geosynchronous objects in just a few hours will be outstanding not only as an astrophysical tool, but also for these types of SSA missions. With the recent infusion of new funding from the Air Force Research Lab (AFRL) in Albuquerque, NM, MROI will be able to attain first light, first fringes, and demonstrate bootstrapping with three telescopes by 2020.

MROI’s current status along with a sketch of our activities over the coming 5 years will be presented, as well as clear opportunities to collaborate on various aspects of the facility as it comes online. Further funding is actively being sought to accelerate the capability of the array for interferometric imaging on a short time-scale so as to achieve the original goals of this ambitious facility

SPIE Conference Volume | August 20, 2014

Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 24, 2014

The MROI fringe tracker: laboratory tracking with ICONN

Proc. SPIE. 9146, Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Spectrographs, Detection and tracking algorithms, Polarization, Interferometers, Sensors, Wavefronts, Optical alignment, Visibility, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 24, 2014

Magdalena Ridge Observatory interferometer: 2014 status update

Proc. SPIE. 9146, Optical and Infrared Interferometry IV

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Space telescopes, Relays, Optical alignment, Optical instrument design, Prototyping, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 24, 2012

NESSI: an optimized Near-Infrared (NIR) Multi-Object Spectrograph (MOS) for exoplanet studies

Proc. SPIE. 8446, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Telescopes, Spectrographs, Stars, Sensors, Spectroscopy, Exoplanets, Astronomical imaging, Spectroscopes, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 24, 2012

Mechanical design of NESSI: New Mexico Tech extrasolar spectroscopic survey instrument

Proc. SPIE. 8446, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy IV

KEYWORDS: Optomechanical design, Telescopes, Mirrors, Spectrographs, Interfaces, Optical fabrication, Space telescopes, Aluminum, Optical alignment, Mechanical engineering

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 12, 2012

Final mechanical and opto-mechanical design of the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 8445, Optical and Infrared Interferometry III

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Spectrographs, Prisms, Metrology, Sensors, Aluminum, Laser metrology, Prototyping, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 12, 2012

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory interferometer: a status update

Proc. SPIE. 8445, Optical and Infrared Interferometry III

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Computing systems, Space telescopes, Relays, Optical alignment, Prototyping, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 12, 2012

The MROI's capabilities for imaging geosynchronous satellites

Proc. SPIE. 8445, Optical and Infrared Interferometry III

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Telescopes, Interferometers, Satellites, Solar cells, Image restoration, Interferometry, Satellite imaging, Space telescopes, K band

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 12, 2012

The MROI fringe tracker: closing the loop on ICoNN

Proc. SPIE. 8445, Optical and Infrared Interferometry III

KEYWORDS: Spectrographs, Light sources, Detection and tracking algorithms, Modulation, Interferometers, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, Control systems, Modulators

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Imaging simulations of selected science with the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 7734, Optical and Infrared Interferometry II

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Stars, Data modeling, Interferometers, Image restoration, Interferometry, Clouds, Spatial resolution, Visibility, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: advancing to first light and new science

Proc. SPIE. 7734, Optical and Infrared Interferometry II

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Sensors, Wavefronts, Infrared radiation, Neodymium, Field emission displays, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

The MROI fringe tracker: first fringe experiment

Proc. SPIE. 7734, Optical and Infrared Interferometry II

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Optical filters, Spectrographs, Modulation, Interferometers, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, Temperature metrology, Visibility

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Assembly and integration activities moving toward commissioning of the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 7734, Optical and Infrared Interferometry II

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Interferometry, Space telescopes, Computer aided design, Optical instrument design, Optics manufacturing, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 22, 2010

Mechanical design of the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 7734, Optical and Infrared Interferometry II

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Spectrographs, Beam splitters, Interferometers, Fourier transforms, Aluminum, Optical benches, Mechanical engineering, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 15, 2010

NESSI: the New Mexico Tech Extrasolar Spectroscopic Survey Instrument

Proc. SPIE. 7735, Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy III

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Spectrographs, Prisms, Sensors, Calibration, Exoplanets, Space telescopes, Infrared telescopes, Spectroscopes, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 28, 2008

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: custom near-IR beamsplitter and AR coatings

Proc. SPIE. 7013, Optical and Infrared Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Antireflective coatings, Beam splitters, Polarization, Reflection, Interferometers, Optical coatings, Fourier transforms, Visibility, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 28, 2008

A high-sensitivity near-infrared science combiner for MROI

Proc. SPIE. 7013, Optical and Infrared Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Sensors, Calibration, Interferometry, Spectral resolution, K band, Visibility

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 28, 2008

Fringe tracking at the MROI

Proc. SPIE. 7013, Optical and Infrared Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Mirrors, Spectrographs, Detection and tracking algorithms, Modulation, Sensors, Modulators, Optical alignment, Optical instrument design, Optical mounts

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | July 28, 2008

Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: progress toward first light

Proc. SPIE. 7013, Optical and Infrared Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Sensors, Interferometry, Buildings, Infrared telescopes, Optical instrument design, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 7, 2006

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: a high-sensitivity imaging array

Proc. SPIE. 6307, Unconventional Imaging II

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Reflection, Interferometers, Cameras, Interferometry, Wavefronts, Adaptive optics, Optical instrument design, Imaging arrays, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 29, 2006

Engineering overview of the conceptual design and hardware/software implementation proposed for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 6268, Advances in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Metrology, Interferometers, Control systems, Relays, Optical instrument design, Computer architecture, Control systems design, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 28, 2006

Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: status update

Proc. SPIE. 6268, Advances in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Telescopes, Imaging systems, Interferometers, Cameras, Sensors, Infrared radiation, Optical instrument design, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 28, 2006

Beam combiner studies for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 6268, Advances in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Signal to noise ratio, Mirrors, Spectrographs, Interferometers, Sensors, Calibration, Glasses, Visibility, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 28, 2006

MROI's automated alignment system

Proc. SPIE. 6268, Advances in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Telescopes, Mirrors, Interferometers, Cameras, Optical fabrication, Relays, Beam shaping, Optical alignment, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 26, 2006

Project management of an imaging optical interferometer

Proc. SPIE. 6271, Modeling, Systems Engineering, and Project Management for Astronomy II

KEYWORDS: Optical imaging, Optical components, Observatories, Telescopes, Astronomy, Interferometers, Buildings, Space telescopes, Optical instrument design, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 15, 2005

The Keck interferometer nuller (KIN): configuration, measurement approach, and first results

Proc. SPIE. 5905, Techniques and Instrumentation for Detection of Exoplanets II

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Mirrors, Beam splitters, Metrology, Stars, Interferometers, Cameras, Keck Observatory, K band, Nulling interferometry

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 20, 2004

A new instrument for measuring atmospheric turbulence

Proc. SPIE. 5491, New Frontiers in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Observatories, Astronomy, Amplifiers, Turbulence, Digital recording, Atmospheric turbulence, Motion measurement, Atmospheric sensing, Atmospheric monitoring, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 20, 2004

Astronomical site monitoring system for the Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Proc. SPIE. 5491, New Frontiers in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Astronomy, Imaging systems, Interferometers, Cameras, Clouds, Humidity, Environmental sensing, Temperature metrology, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 20, 2004

The Keck interferometer nuller: system architecture and laboratory performance

Proc. SPIE. 5491, New Frontiers in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Beam splitters, Metrology, Stars, Interferometers, Cameras, Interferometry, Signal detection, Keck Observatory, Nulling interferometry

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 20, 2004

The Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer: a fully optimized aperture synthesis array for imaging

Proc. SPIE. 5491, New Frontiers in Stellar Interferometry

KEYWORDS: Telescopes, Stars, Interferometers, Cameras, Sensors, Interferometry, Optical instrument design, Galactic astronomy, Imaging arrays, Magdalena Ridge Observatory

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | March 7, 2003

KALI Camera: mid-infrared camera for the Keck interferometer nuller

Proc. SPIE. 4841, Instrument Design and Performance for Optical/Infrared Ground-based Telescopes

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Optical filters, Prisms, Electronics, Interferometers, Cameras, Cryogenics, Nulling interferometry, Liquids, Bandpass filters

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 21, 2003

Tabletop mid-infrared nulling testbed for the Keck interferometer and the Terrestrial Planet Finder

Proc. SPIE. 4838, Interferometry for Optical Astronomy II

KEYWORDS: Thermography, Mid-IR, Mirrors, Beam splitters, Light sources, Modulation, Interferometers, Sensors, Signal detection, Nulling interferometry

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 21, 2003

Results from the PTI's studies of the spectral angular diameters of Mira variables

Proc. SPIE. 4838, Interferometry for Optical Astronomy II

KEYWORDS: Carbon, Stars, Visualization, Opacity, Interferometers, Oxygen, Atmospheric physics, Atmospheric chemistry, K band, Visibility

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 14, 2003

Comparison of commercially available polarizing gratings for mid-infrared studies

Proc. SPIE. 4843, Polarimetry in Astronomy

KEYWORDS: Mid-IR, Polarization, Sensors, Manufacturing, Fourier transforms, Polarizers, Semiconductor lasers, Attenuators, Signal detection, Optics manufacturing

Read Abstract

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 14, 1996

TGIRS: a two-grating (mid) infrared spectrometer

Proc. SPIE. 2814, Cryogenic Optical Systems and Instruments VII

KEYWORDS: Staring arrays, Mirrors, Optical design, Astronomy, Electronics, Spectroscopy, Infrared spectroscopy, Infrared radiation, Aluminum, Cryogenics

Read Abstract