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Min Chen

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2005 Paper

Terra-Scope: a MEMS-based vertical seismic array

Steven Glaser, Min Chen, Tom Oberheim

Proceedings Volume 5765, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.605242

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Data communications, Amplifiers, Telecommunications, Clocks, Control systems, Analog electronics, Data storage, Data modeling, Prototyping

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The Terra-Scope system is an affordable 4-D down-hole seismic monitoring system based on independent, microprocessor-controlled sensor Pods. The pods are nominally 50 mm in diameter, and about 120 mm long. They are expected to cost approximately $6000 each. An internal 16-bit, extremely low power MCU controls all aspects of instrumentation, eight programmable gain amplifiers, and local signal storage. Each pod measures 3-D acceleration, tilt, azimuth, temperature, and other parametric variables such as pore water pressure and pH. The following parameters are independently controllable at each pod: pre-trigger length, post-trigger length, trigger time stamp, sampling rate, trigger level, trigger parameters, non-volatile storage, and calibration and self-evaluation. Each Pod communicates over a standard digital bus (e.g. RS-485) through a complete web-based GUI interface, and has a power consumption of less than 400mW. Three-dimensional acceleration is measured by pure digital force-balance MEMS-based accelerometers. These accelerometers have a dynamic range of more than 115 dB and a frequency response from DC to 1000 Hz. The accelerometer chip uses a 5th order delta-sigma feedback loop to yield a noise floor of less than 30 ngrms/√Hz. Accelerations above 0.2 g are measured by a second set of MEMS-based accelerometers, giving a full 160 dB dynamic range. The prototype of the device is currently undergoing evaluation. The first array will be installed in the fall of 2005.

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