Tactical edge environments are highly distributed with a large number of sensing, computational, and communication nodes spread across large geographical regions, governments, and situated in unique operational environments. In such settings, a large number of observations and actions may occur across a large number of nodes but each node may only have a small number of these data locally. Further, there may be technical as well as policy constraints in aggregating all observations to a single node. Learning from all of the data may uncover critical correlations and insights. However, without having access to all the data, this is not possible. Recently proposed federated averaging approaches allow for learning a single model from data spread across multiple nodes and achieve good results on image classification tasks. However, this still assumes a sizable amount of data on each node and a small number of nodes. This paper investigates the properties of federated averaging for neural networks relative to batch sizes and number of nodes. Experimental results on a human activity dataset finds that (1) accuracy indeed drops as the number of nodes increase but only slightly, however (2) accuracy is highly sensitive to the batch size only in the federated averaging case.
KEYWORDS: Network security, Computer security, Data communications, Data modeling, Databases, Analytical research, Systems modeling, Intelligence systems, Information security, Distributed computing, Communication and information technologies
To support dynamic communities of interests in coalition operations, new architectures for efficient sharing of ISR assets are needed. The use of blockchain technology in wired business environments, such as digital currency systems, offers an interesting solution by creating a way to maintain a distributed shared ledger without requiring a single trusted authority. In this paper, we discuss how a blockchain-based system can be modified to provide a solution for dynamic asset sharing amongst coalition members, enabling the creation of a logically centralized asset management system by a seamless policy-compliant federation of different coalition systems. We discuss the use of blockchain for three different types of assets in a coalition context, showing how blockchain can offer a suitable solution for sharing assets in those environments. We also discuss the limitations in the current implementations of blockchain which need to be overcome for the technology to become more effective in a decentralized tactical edge environment.
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