Dr. Noam Sapiens Profile

Dr. Noam Sapiens

CTO at EyeQue Corp

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Publications (7)

SPIE Journal Paper | 14 November 2022

Optical calibration system for refractometers

Patrick O'Neal, Noam Sapiens

OE, Vol. 61, Issue 12, 121807, (November 2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.61.12.121807

KEYWORDS: Eye, Calibration, Spherical lenses, Eye models, Optical calibration, Sensors, Eyeglasses, Zemax, Optical engineering, Glasses

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SPIE Journal Paper | 14 October 2022 Open Access

Accuracy measurement of an at-home refraction measurement device

Noam Sapiens, Patrick O'Neal

OE, Vol. 61, Issue 12, 121805, (October 2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.61.12.121805

KEYWORDS: Refraction, Measurement devices, Eye, Channel projecting optics, Spherical lenses, Optical engineering, Standards development, Retina, Chromium, Telemedicine

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2021 Poster + Presentation + Paper

2D reverse Shack-Hartmann ocular refraction measurement

Noam Sapiens

Proceedings Volume 11623, 116232A (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2589492

KEYWORDS: Refraction, Wavefront sensors, Eye, Eye models, Measurement devices, Zernike polynomials, Telemedicine, Paraxial approximations, Colorimetry, Channel projecting optics

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Proceedings Article | 23 March 2017 Paper

Ophthalmic scatterometry

Noam Sapiens, Bat-Chen Cohen, Ygal Rotenstreich

Proceedings Volume 10045, 100451V (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252051

KEYWORDS: Eye, Optical properties, Scatter measurement, Scatterometry, Tissue optics, Pathology, Calibration, Cameras, Tissues, Optical testing

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Proceedings Article | 5 April 2012 Paper

Overlay accuracy fundamentals

Daniel Kandel, Vladimir Levinski, Noam Sapiens, Guy Cohen, Eran Amit, Dana Klein, Irina Vakshtein

Proceedings Volume 8324, 832417 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.916369

KEYWORDS: Overlay metrology, Semiconducting wafers, Metrology, Optical filters, Quality measurement, Clouds, Wafer-level optics, Diffraction, Optical simulations, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 5 March 2007 Paper

Histological aspects of retinal damage following exposure to pulsed Nd:YAG laser radiation in rabbits: indication for mechanism

T. Kadar, D. Peri, J. Turetz, E. Fishbine, R. Sahar, I. Egoz, N. Sapiens, R. Brandeis

Proceedings Volume 6426, 642622 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.700284

KEYWORDS: Retina, Injuries, Q switched lasers, Nd:YAG lasers, Photography, Tissue optics, Q switching, Microscopy, Radiation injury, Laser tissue interaction

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 2004 Paper

Retinal damage following exposure to single pulses of Nd:YAG laser radiation in rabbits and its relation to energy levels

T. Kadar, David Peri, J. Turetz, Noam Sapiens, E. Fishbine, R. Sahar, I. Egoz, R. Brandeis

Proceedings Volume 5319, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.558526

KEYWORDS: Retina, Nd:YAG lasers, Q switched lasers, Analytical research, Laser damage threshold, Laser tissue interaction, Laser safety, Biological research, Laser energy, Eye

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Purpose: The aim of the present study was to characterize permissible exposure limits (MPE) for safety analysis, with an emphasis on the immediate retinal damage following SHG of Nd:YAG Q-Switched laser radiation and to test its correlation to physical parameters. Methods: Pigmented rabbits (n=14) were exposed to single pulses of Nd:YAG laser radiation (532nm, pulse duration:8-12ns) in various energies ranging from 10 to 150 μJ. Exposures were conducted in retina tissue, very close to the optic nerve, with a total of 20 exposures per retina. Retinas were viewed during the first 15 min following exposure, using an on-line digital video camera. Thereafter, animals were sacrificed for histological evaluation. A quantitative analysis of the clinical findings, based on a severity score scale and a morphometric analysis of the extent of the lesions, was used to test the relationship with the laser energy. In addition, hemorrhage thresholds were computed using Probit Analysis. Results: Retinal damage, at various levels of severity, was observed immediately after exposure to energies above 26 μJ, characterized by edema and sub-retinal hemorrhages. The appearance and severity of the lesions varied among animals, between fellow eyes and even within the same retina. The ED50 for immediate pre-retinal hemorrhage was determined as 83μJ and the lesions’ diameter ranged from 141-640μ. A significant correlation (R=0.80, P<0.0001) was found between the extent of the lesions and energy levels. The diameter of the lesions showed a linear (P<0.008) increase with the laser energy. The histological observations indicated elevation of retinal layers and extensive damage in the outer segment of the photoreceptors and in the pigmented epithelial cells layer. Conclusions: A linear, laser-retinal tissue interaction was found immediately following exposure to single pulses of Nd:YAG laser radiation. It is suggested that unlike argon laser, which produces a thermal burn to the eye, Nd:YAG laser damage is a result of a combination of photo-mechanical and thermal mechanism.

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