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Oytun Gunes

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SPIE Journal Paper | 29 December 2022

Ground target classification using mmWave radar with bidirectional long short-term memory networks

Oytun Gunes, Mert Ege, Ömer Morgül

JARS, Vol. 16, Issue 04, 044527, (December 2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JRS.16.044527

KEYWORDS: Radar, Education and training, Doppler effect, Radar signal processing, Batch normalization, Ablation, Signal processing, Radar sensor technology, Matrices, Fourier transforms

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We propose an approach for millimeter wave radar targets classification based on the concatenated spectrogram and range-Doppler features. A publicly available dataset that contains raw single radar data for fast- and slow-walking people is utilized. First, the received channels are summed to obtain a higher signal-to-noise ratio. Next, range-Doppler and spectrogram plots are obtained after the two-dimensional fast Fourier transform of raw radar signals. Then the spectrogram dataset is normalized and augmented using a mixup algorithm and fed into the proposed encoder and decoder structures sequentially for the classification task. In addition to the bidirectional long short-term memory layer, dropout and batch normalization layers are added for regularization in the proposed network. Parameter optimization is done for each network for a certain number of parameters. Finally, the results show that with the proposed approach, a 0.961 mean F1 score is obtained, and it outperformed some state-of-the-art methods, such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and hybrid CNNs–long short-term memory networks. An ablation study of the proposed method is also presented.

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