We have designed multicontrollable and multifunctional metasurfaces comprising pixelated meta-atoms. Optimal tricontrollable metasurfaces comprising graphene-patched pixels for electrical control and InSb-patched pixels for thermal and magnetic control were designed to function either as terahertz absorbers or terahertz stopband filters. Clearly, these devices can also serve as trifunctional sensors. A single-pixel graphene-sandwich meta- atom was designed to function as a reciprocal switch, a stopband, a frequency shifter, and an isolator for the terahertz spectral regime. Such multicontrollable and multifunctional metasurfaces could be incorporated in diverse products, thereby reducing inventory costs, enhancing repairability and product lifetimes, and promoting standardization.
A graphene-sandwich metasurface for electrically controlled operation as a frequency shifter, a reciprocal switch, and a bidirectional isolator in the terahertz spectral regime was simulated using CST Microwave Studio™ 2019 software. The metasurface is a biperiodic array of identical meta-atoms, each of which comprises a silicon layer with a graphene patch on each of its two faces. The polarization-insensitive metasurface has ∼15 dB isolation loss as well as ∼15 dB extinction ratio and can be controlled to function over a wide frequency range.
A graphene-sandwich metasurface for electrically controlled operation as a frequency shifter, a reciprocal switch, and a bidirectional isolator in the terahertz spectral regime was simulated using CST Microwave Studio™ 2019 software. The metasurface is a biperiodic array of identical meta-atoms, each of which comprises a silicon layer with a graphene patch on each of its two faces. The polarization-insensitive metasurface has ∼15 dB isolation loss as well as ∼15 dB extinction ratio and can be controlled to function over a wide frequency range.
A pixel-based approach to design of metaatoms was implemented on graphene absorbers of terahertz radiation. The top surface of each metaatom was conceived as a square array of square pixels, some patched with graphene but not the others. This patterned graphene was separated from a continuous layer of graphene by an insulator, the entire assembly on top of a metal-backed dielectric substrate. When the chemical potential of graphene was taken to be sufficiently high, simulations indicate almost perfect peak absorptance can be obtained with a significant reduction in the need for graphene, depending upon the arrangement of the graphene pixels.
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