This work describes the optical design of the EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM). EXCLAIM is a balloon-borne telescope that will measure integrated line emission from carbon monoxide (CO) at redshifts z<1 and ionized carbon ([CII]) at redshifts z = 2.5-3.5 to probe star formation over cosmic time in cross-correlation with galaxy redshift surveys. The EXCLAIM instrument will observe at frequencies of 420--540 GHz using six microfabricated silicon integrated spectrometers with spectral resolving power R = 512 coupled to kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs). A completely cryogenic telescope cooled to a temperature below 5 K provides low-background observations between narrow atmospheric lines in the stratosphere. Off-axis reflective optics use a 90-cm primary mirror to provide 4.2' full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) resolution at the center of the EXCLAIM band over a field of view of 22.5'.
The EXperiment for Cryogenic Large-Aperture Intensity Mapping (EXCLAIM) is a balloon-borne far-infrared telescope that will survey galactic formation history over cosmological time scales with redshifts between 0 and 3.5. EXCLAIM will measure the statistics of brightness fluctuations of redshifted cumulative carbon monoxide and singly ionized carbon line emissions, following an intensity mapping approach. EXCLAIM will couple all-cryogenic optical elements to six μ-Spec spectrometer modules, operating at 420-540 GHz with a spectral resolution of 512 and featuring microwave kinetic inductance detectors. Here, we present an overview of the mission and its development status.
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