Dr. Paul A. Lane Profile

Dr. Paul A. Lane

Program Director at National Science Foundation

SPIE Involvement:

Publications (47)

SPIE Journal Paper | July 26, 2018

Special Section Guest Editorial: Festschrift of the 70th Birthday of Zeev “Valy” Vardeny

Lane, Paul A.

JPE Vol. 8 Issue 03

KEYWORDS: Organic semiconductors, Spintronics, Solids, Metals, Liquid crystals, Amorphous silicon, Ultrafast laser spectroscopy, Velocity measurements, Optoelectronic devices, Solar cells

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SPIE Conference Volume | October 18, 2017

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XVIII

SPIE Conference Volume | November 28, 2016

Organic Photovoltaics XVII

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | April 29, 2016

Probing charge transfer and hot carrier dynamics in organic solar cells with terahertz spectroscopy

Proc. SPIE. 9856, Terahertz Physics, Devices, and Systems X: Advanced Applications in Industry and Defense

KEYWORDS: Multilayers, Solar energy, Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Terahertz radiation, Excitons, Picosecond phenomena, Terahertz spectroscopy, Terahertz spectroscopy, Systems modeling, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | October 27, 2015

Organic Photovoltaics XVI

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 5, 2015

Rational material, interface, and device engineering for high-performance polymer and perovskite solar cells (Presentation Recording)

Proc. SPIE. 9567, Organic Photovoltaics XVI

KEYWORDS: Oxides, Solar energy, Polymers, Solar cells, Interfaces, Optical engineering, Excitons, Computer architecture, Light harvesting, Perovskite

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 5, 2015

Colored ultra-thin hybrid photovoltaics with high quantum efficiency for decorative PV applications (Presentation Recording)

Proc. SPIE. 9567, Organic Photovoltaics XVI

KEYWORDS: Amorphous silicon, Semiconductors, Photovoltaics, Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Semiconductor materials, Quantum efficiency, Optical resonators, Geometrical optics, Perovskite

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This talk will describe an approach to create architecturally compatible and decorative thin-film-based hybrid photovoltaics [1]. Most current solar panels are fabricated via complex processes using expensive semiconductor materials, and they are rigid and heavy with a dull, black appearance. As a result of their non-aesthetic appearance and weight, they are primarily installed on rooftops to minimize their negative impact on building appearance. Recently we introduced dual-function solar cells based on ultra-thin dopant-free amorphous silicon embedded in an optical cavity that not only efficiently extract the photogenerated carriers but also display distinctive colors with the desired angle-insensitive appearances [1,2]. The angle-insensitive behavior is the result of an interesting phase cancellation effect in the optical cavity with respect to angle of light propagation [3]. In order to produce the desired optical effect, the semiconductor layer should be ultra-thin and the traditional doped layers need to be eliminated. We adopted the approach of employing charge transport/blocking layers used in organic solar cells to meet this demand. We showed that the ultra-thin (6 to 31 nm) undoped amorphous silicon/organic hybrid solar cell can transmit desired wavelength of light and that most of the absorbed photons in the undoped a-Si layer contributed to the extracted electric charges. This is because the a-Si layer thickness is smaller than the charge diffusion length, therefore the electron-hole recombination is strongly suppressed in such ultra-thin layer. Reflective colored PVs can be made in a similar fashion. Light-energy-harvesting colored signage was demonstrated. Furthermore, a cascaded photovoltaics scheme based on tunable spectrum splitting can be employed to increase power efficiency by absorbing a broader band of light energy. Our work provides a guideline for optimizing a photoactive layer thickness in high efficiency hybrid PV design, which can be adopted by other material systems as well. Based on these understandings, we have also developed colored perovskite PV by integrating an optical cavity with the perovskite semiconductors [4]. The principle and experimental results will be presented. 1. J. Y. Lee, K. T. Lee, S.Y. Seo, L. J. Guo, “Decorative power generating panels creating angle insensitive transmissive colors,” Sci. Rep. 4, 4192, 2014. 2. K. T. Lee, J.Y. Lee, S.-Y. Seo, and L. J. Guo, “Colored ultra-thin hybrid photovoltaics with high quantum efficiency,” Light: Science and Applications, 3, e215, 2014. 3. K. T. Lee, S.-Y. Seo, J.Y. Lee, and L. J. Guo, “Ultrathin metal-semiconductor-metal resonator for angle invariant visible band transmission filters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 231112, (2014); and “Strong resonance effect in a lossy medium-based optical cavity for angle robust spectrum filters,” Adv. Mater, 26, 6324–6328, 2014. 4. K. T. Lee, M. Fukuda, L. J. Guo, “Colored, see-through perovskite solar cells employing an optical cavity,” Submitted, 2015

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 5, 2015

Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s as electrode modifiers for inverted solar cells (Presentation Recording)

Proc. SPIE. 9567, Organic Photovoltaics XVI

KEYWORDS: Gold, Oxides, Graphene, Electrodes, Polymers, Solar cells, Indium, Organic semiconductors, Organic electronics, Tin

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SPIE Conference Volume | November 5, 2014

Organic Photovoltaics XV

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 6, 2014

Hot photocarrier dynamics in organic solar cells measured by transient absorption and time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy

Proc. SPIE. 9184, Organic Photovoltaics XV

KEYWORDS: Solar energy, Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Molecules, Crystals, Composites, Solids, Picosecond phenomena, Terahertz spectroscopy, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | October 18, 2013

Organic Photovoltaics XIV

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 13, 2012

Energy transfer and excitation migration in organic semiconductors

Proc. SPIE. 8476, Organic Light Emitting Materials and Devices XVI

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Molecules, Energy transfer, Diffusion, Monte Carlo methods, Solids, Excitons, Picosecond phenomena, Organic semiconductors, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | July 17, 2012

Organic Photovoltaics XIII

SPIE Journal Paper | May 21, 2012

Special Section Guest Editorial: Guest Editorial: Special Section on Organic Photovoltaics

Brabec, Christoph , Lane, Paul , Kafafi, Zakya

JPE Vol. 2 Issue 1

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Interfaces, Solar cells, Semiconductors, Analytical research, Solids, Photovoltaics, Organic materials, Organic semiconductors, Semiconductor materials

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 17, 2011

Fluorescent detection of NO2 by free base tetraphenyl porphyrins

Proc. SPIE. 8118, Organic Semiconductors in Sensors and Bioelectronics IV

KEYWORDS: Gas sensors, Sensors, Organic light emitting diodes, Metals, Luminescence, NOx, Absorbance, Solid state electronics, Targeting Task Performance metric, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | June 10, 2011

Organic Photovoltaics XI

SPIE Journal Paper | January 1, 2011

Electromodulated doping of the hole transport layer in a small molecule organic light-emitting diode

Lane, Paul , Chen, Song , So, Franky

JPE Vol. 1 Issue 1

KEYWORDS: Organic light emitting diodes, Absorption, Doping, Modulation, Molecules, Polymers, Interfaces, Electron transport, Bismuth, Electroluminescence

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SPIE Journal Paper | January 1, 2011

Guest Editorial: Special Section on Organic Photovoltaics

Brabec, Christoph , Lane, Paul , Kafafi, Zakya

JPE Vol. 1 Issue 1

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Heterojunctions, Semiconductors, Interfaces, Analytical research, Solids, Polymers, Organic semiconductors, Semiconductor materials

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | March 2, 2010

Ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy for measuring carrier dynamics in nanoscale photovoltaic materials

Proc. SPIE. 7600, Ultrafast Phenomena in Semiconductors and Nanostructure Materials XIV

KEYWORDS: Multilayers, Organic photovoltaics, Polymers, Solar cells, Composites, Terahertz radiation, Picosecond phenomena, Terahertz spectroscopy, Heterojunctions, Absorption

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Femtosecond pump-probe methods are useful tools for investigating transient electronic and vibrational states of conducting materials and molecular photochemistry. Ultraviolet and visible excitation pulses (<150 fs, <20 μJ, 400-800 nm) with time-delayed broadband terahertz (~500 GHz to 3 THz) probing pulses (Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy; TRTS) are used to measure linear spectroscopic transmission changes resulting from exciton and free carrier population in organic semiconducting thin films. Picosecond timescale exciton geminate recombination and longer-time free-carrier conduction in semiconductor polymers and nanolayered donor-acceptor films are discussed. Systems investigated with terahertz probe pulses include thiophene-based polymers (P3HT, PBTTT) studied as drop and spin-cast films on transparent quartz substrates. The relative conductivity of these films increases with increasing P3HT polymer molecular weight, structural regularity, and the fused rings in PBTTT further increases conduction. Recent studies of composite and nanolayered films (by vapor deposition) containing alternating Zn-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀) also yield high conduction that scales linearly with the number of interfaces and total film thickness. We find evidence for a short-lived charge transfer state of C₆₀ that decays within several picoseconds of excitation. In contrast, both composite and multilayered films exhibit long-lived THz dynamics that depends on the composition and structure of the films. The optimum composition for charge transfer within composite films is observed for a ~1:1 blend of ZnPc with C₆₀ and a 4:1 blend of P3HT with Phenyl C₆₁ Butyric Acid Methyl Ester (PCBM) while an increase in charge photo-generation with decreasing layer thickness (2 nm) exhibits the strongest THz signal. These findings parallel results for FET polymer transistor devices pointing to the advantage of optically measuring material properties before device test.

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 16, 2009

Carrier dynamics of composite and nanolayered films of zinc phthalocyanine and C60 measured by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy

Proc. SPIE. 7416, Organic Photovoltaics X

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Composites, Terahertz radiation, Absorbance, Picosecond phenomena, Carrier dynamics, Terahertz spectroscopy, Heterojunctions, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | August 20, 2009

Organic Photovoltaics X

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 1, 2008

Organic photovoltaic cells based on functionalized pentacenes

Proc. SPIE. 7052, Organic Photovoltaics IX

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Molecules, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Resistance, Solids, Ionization, Heterojunctions, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 11, 2008

Gradient index polymer optics

Proc. SPIE. 7061, Novel Optical Systems Design and Optimization XI

KEYWORDS: Gradient-index optics, GRIN lenses, Monochromatic aberrations, Refractive index, Polishing, Spatial frequencies, Polymers, Glasses, Image quality, Modulation transfer functions

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SPIE Conference Volume | August 26, 2008

Organic Photovoltaics IX

SPIE Conference Volume | September 25, 2007

Organic Photovoltaics VIII

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 17, 2007

Origin of efficient hole injection from conducting polymer anodes into organic light-emitting diodes

Proc. SPIE. 6643, Physical Chemistry of Interfaces and Nanomaterials VI

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, External quantum efficiency, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Interfaces, Quantum efficiency, Electroluminescence, Ionization, Aluminum, Barium

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SPIE Conference Volume | November 3, 2006

Organic Photovoltaics VII

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | October 9, 2005

Energy transfer and excitation migration in doped organic semiconductors

Proc. SPIE. 5937, Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices IX

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Molecules, Energy transfer, Composites, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Solids, Excitons, Fluorescence resonance energy transfer, Molecular energy transfer

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SPIE Conference Volume | October 7, 2005

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices IX

SPIE Conference Volume | October 3, 2005

Organic Photovoltaics VI

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 10, 2004

Electromodulation studies of a polyfluorene light-emitting diode

Proc. SPIE. 5519, Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VIII

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Modulation, Electrodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Electrons, Electroluminescence, Solids, LED displays, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | November 10, 2004

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VIII

SPIE Conference Volume | November 3, 2004

Organic Photovoltaics V

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | September 8, 2004

Field screening effects in polymer light emitting diodes

Proc. SPIE. 5464, Organic Optoelectronics and Photonics

KEYWORDS: Semiconductors, Light emitting diodes, Modulation, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Electrons, Electroluminescence, Neodymium, Laser beam diagnostics, Spectroscopes

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | February 16, 2004

Electric-field screening in polymer light-emitting diodes

Proc. SPIE. 5214, Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VII

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Optical amplifiers, Modulation, Electrodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Spectroscopy, Electrons, Electroluminescence, Absorption

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SPIE Conference Volume | February 16, 2004

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VII

SPIE Conference Volume | February 6, 2004

Organic Photovoltaics IV

PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | August 27, 2003

Optical and electrical studies of modified conjugated polymer films

Proc. SPIE. 4876, Opto-Ireland 2002: Optics and Photonics Technologies and Applications

KEYWORDS: Thin films, Light emitting diodes, Polymers, Luminescence, Electrons, Excitons, Dielectric spectroscopy, Polarons, Polymer thin films, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | June 25, 2003

High-Q silica microsphere optical resonator sensors using stripline-pedestal antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide couplers

Proc. SPIE. 4969, Laser Resonators and Beam Control VI

KEYWORDS: Infrared sensors, Photodetectors, Thermal optics, Modulation, Resonators, Silica, Waveguides, Sensors, Optical resonators, Integrated optics

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | May 19, 2000

Studies of the internal electric field in organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells by electroabsorption spectroscopy

Proc. SPIE. 3939, Organic Photonic Materials and Devices II

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Solar energy, Organic photovoltaics, Electrodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Solar cells, Interfaces, Measurement devices, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 1, 1997

Spin and spectral signatures of polaron pairs in pi-conjugated polymers

Proc. SPIE. 3145, Optical Probes of Conjugated Polymers

KEYWORDS: Phase modulation, Polymers, Electrons, Quantum efficiency, Magnetism, Excitons, Picosecond phenomena, Microwave radiation, Polarons, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 1, 1997

Electroabsorption spectroscopy of poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-p-phenylenevinylene) and related materials

Proc. SPIE. 3145, Optical Probes of Conjugated Polymers

KEYWORDS: Polymethylmethacrylate, Sensors, Polymers, Spectroscopy, Tungsten, Molecular spectroscopy, Monochromators, Signal detection, Double sideband modulation, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | December 1, 1997

Optical studies of ordered and disordered alpha-sexithiophene films

Proc. SPIE. 3145, Optical Probes of Conjugated Polymers

KEYWORDS: Thin films, Modulation, Magnetism, Physics, Phase shift keying, Excitons, Microwave radiation, Polarons, Bipolarons, Absorption

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PROCEEDINGS ARTICLE | November 1, 1997

Electromodulated photoinduced absorption: a new spectroscopy in -conjugated polymer/C60 blends

Proc. SPIE. 3142, Fullerenes and Photonics IV

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Polymers, Spectroscopy, Luminescence, Absorption spectroscopy, Excitons, Polarons, Polarizability, Polymer thin films, Absorption

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