Dr. Paul A. Lane Profile

Dr. Paul A. Lane

Program Director at National Science Foundation

SPIE Involvement:

Track Chair | Editor | Author

Publications (30)

SPIE Journal Paper | 26 July 2018 Open Access

Special Section Guest Editorial: Festschrift of the 70th Birthday of Zeev “Valy” Vardeny

Paul A. Lane

JPE, Vol. 8, Issue 03, 032200, (July 2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JPE.8.032200

KEYWORDS: Organic semiconductors, Spintronics, Solids, Metals, Liquid crystals, Amorphous silicon, Ultrafast laser spectroscopy, Velocity measurements, Optoelectronic devices, Solar cells

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2016 Paper

Probing charge transfer and hot carrier dynamics in organic solar cells with terahertz spectroscopy

Paul Cunningham, Paul Lane, Joseph Melinger, Okan Esenturk, Edwin Heilweil

Proceedings Volume 9856, 98560Y (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2228379

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Terahertz spectroscopy, Systems modeling, Terahertz spectroscopy, Excitons, Solar energy, Terahertz radiation, Multilayers, Absorption, Picosecond phenomena

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2015 Presentation

Rational material, interface, and device engineering for high-performance polymer and perovskite solar cells (Presentation Recording)

Alex Jen

Proceedings Volume 9567, 95670S (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191610

KEYWORDS: Perovskite, Polymers, Solar cells, Interfaces, Solar energy, Oxides, Light harvesting, Excitons, Computer architecture, Optical engineering

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2015 Presentation

Colored ultra-thin hybrid photovoltaics with high quantum efficiency for decorative PV applications (Presentation Recording)

L. Jay Guo

Proceedings Volume 9567, 95670G (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191612

KEYWORDS: Perovskite, Photovoltaics, Solar cells, Optical resonators, Quantum efficiency, Amorphous silicon, Semiconductors, Organic photovoltaics, Semiconductor materials, Geometrical optics

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This talk will describe an approach to create architecturally compatible and decorative thin-film-based hybrid photovoltaics [1]. Most current solar panels are fabricated via complex processes using expensive semiconductor materials, and they are rigid and heavy with a dull, black appearance. As a result of their non-aesthetic appearance and weight, they are primarily installed on rooftops to minimize their negative impact on building appearance. Recently we introduced dual-function solar cells based on ultra-thin dopant-free amorphous silicon embedded in an optical cavity that not only efficiently extract the photogenerated carriers but also display distinctive colors with the desired angle-insensitive appearances [1,2]. The angle-insensitive behavior is the result of an interesting phase cancellation effect in the optical cavity with respect to angle of light propagation [3]. In order to produce the desired optical effect, the semiconductor layer should be ultra-thin and the traditional doped layers need to be eliminated. We adopted the approach of employing charge transport/blocking layers used in organic solar cells to meet this demand. We showed that the ultra-thin (6 to 31 nm) undoped amorphous silicon/organic hybrid solar cell can transmit desired wavelength of light and that most of the absorbed photons in the undoped a-Si layer contributed to the extracted electric charges. This is because the a-Si layer thickness is smaller than the charge diffusion length, therefore the electron-hole recombination is strongly suppressed in such ultra-thin layer. Reflective colored PVs can be made in a similar fashion. Light-energy-harvesting colored signage was demonstrated. Furthermore, a cascaded photovoltaics scheme based on tunable spectrum splitting can be employed to increase power efficiency by absorbing a broader band of light energy. Our work provides a guideline for optimizing a photoactive layer thickness in high efficiency hybrid PV design, which can be adopted by other material systems as well. Based on these understandings, we have also developed colored perovskite PV by integrating an optical cavity with the perovskite semiconductors [4]. The principle and experimental results will be presented. 1. J. Y. Lee, K. T. Lee, S.Y. Seo, L. J. Guo, “Decorative power generating panels creating angle insensitive transmissive colors,” Sci. Rep. 4, 4192, 2014. 2. K. T. Lee, J.Y. Lee, S.-Y. Seo, and L. J. Guo, “Colored ultra-thin hybrid photovoltaics with high quantum efficiency,” Light: Science and Applications, 3, e215, 2014. 3. K. T. Lee, S.-Y. Seo, J.Y. Lee, and L. J. Guo, “Ultrathin metal-semiconductor-metal resonator for angle invariant visible band transmission filters,” Appl. Phys. Lett. 104, 231112, (2014); and “Strong resonance effect in a lossy medium-based optical cavity for angle robust spectrum filters,” Adv. Mater, 26, 6324–6328, 2014. 4. K. T. Lee, M. Fukuda, L. J. Guo, “Colored, see-through perovskite solar cells employing an optical cavity,” Submitted, 2015

Proceedings Article | 5 October 2015 Presentation

Poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate)s as electrode modifiers for inverted solar cells (Presentation Recording)

Hyunbok Lee, Egle Puodziukynaite, Todd Emrick, Alejandro Briseño

Proceedings Volume 9567, 956704 (2015) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2191606

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Solar cells, Graphene, Polymers, Organic electronics, Organic semiconductors, Indium, Tin, Oxides, Gold

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Proceedings Article | 6 October 2014 Paper

Hot photocarrier dynamics in organic solar cells measured by transient absorption and time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy

Paul Lane, Paul Cunningham, Joseph Melinger, Edwin Heilweil

Proceedings Volume 9184, 91840G (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2062253

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Composites, Organic photovoltaics, Picosecond phenomena, Solar cells, Terahertz spectroscopy, Molecules, Solids, Crystals, Solar energy

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2012 Paper

Energy transfer and excitation migration in organic semiconductors

Paul Lane, Mason Wolak, Paul Cunningham, Joseph Melinger

Proceedings Volume 8476, 84760I (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930055

KEYWORDS: Excitons, Molecules, Energy transfer, Luminescence, Diffusion, Organic semiconductors, Monte Carlo methods, Picosecond phenomena, Absorption, Solids

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SPIE Journal Paper | 21 May 2012 Open Access

Special Section Guest Editorial: Guest Editorial: Special Section on Organic Photovoltaics

Christoph Brabec, Paul Lane, Zakya Kafafi

JPE, Vol. 2, Issue 1, 021099, (May 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.JPE.2.021099

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Interfaces, Solar cells, Semiconductors, Analytical research, Solids, Photovoltaics, Organic materials, Organic semiconductors, Semiconductor materials

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2011 Paper

Fluorescent detection of NO2 by free base tetraphenyl porphyrins

Paul Lane, Tim Richardson

Proceedings Volume 8118, 81180J (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.896192

KEYWORDS: Luminescence, Absorption, NOx, Sensors, Absorbance, Solid state electronics, Targeting Task Performance metric, Organic light emitting diodes, Gas sensors, Metals

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2011 Open Access

Electromodulated doping of the hole transport layer in a small molecule organic light-emitting diode

Paul Lane, Song Chen, Franky So

JPE, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 011020, (January 2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3569109

KEYWORDS: Organic light emitting diodes, Absorption, Doping, Modulation, Molecules, Polymers, Interfaces, Electron transport, Bismuth, Electroluminescence

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2011 Open Access

Guest Editorial: Special Section on Organic Photovoltaics

Christoph Brabec, Paul Lane, Zakya Kafafi

JPE, Vol. 1, Issue 1, 011199, (January 2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.3576111

KEYWORDS: Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Heterojunctions, Semiconductors, Interfaces, Analytical research, Solids, Polymers, Organic semiconductors, Semiconductor materials

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Proceedings Article | 2 March 2010 Paper

Ultrafast terahertz spectroscopy for measuring carrier dynamics in nanoscale photovoltaic materials

Okan Esenturk, Paul Lane, Joseph Melinger, Edwin Heilweil

Proceedings Volume 7600, 76000I (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.843636

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Picosecond phenomena, Composites, Polymers, Absorption, Solar cells, Multilayers, Terahertz spectroscopy, Organic photovoltaics, Heterojunctions

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Femtosecond pump-probe methods are useful tools for investigating transient electronic and vibrational states of conducting materials and molecular photochemistry. Ultraviolet and visible excitation pulses (<150 fs, <20 μJ, 400-800 nm) with time-delayed broadband terahertz (~500 GHz to 3 THz) probing pulses (Time-Resolved Terahertz Spectroscopy; TRTS) are used to measure linear spectroscopic transmission changes resulting from exciton and free carrier population in organic semiconducting thin films. Picosecond timescale exciton geminate recombination and longer-time free-carrier conduction in semiconductor polymers and nanolayered donor-acceptor films are discussed. Systems investigated with terahertz probe pulses include thiophene-based polymers (P3HT, PBTTT) studied as drop and spin-cast films on transparent quartz substrates. The relative conductivity of these films increases with increasing P3HT polymer molecular weight, structural regularity, and the fused rings in PBTTT further increases conduction. Recent studies of composite and nanolayered films (by vapor deposition) containing alternating Zn-phthalocyanine (ZnPc) and buckminsterfullerene (C₆₀) also yield high conduction that scales linearly with the number of interfaces and total film thickness. We find evidence for a short-lived charge transfer state of C₆₀ that decays within several picoseconds of excitation. In contrast, both composite and multilayered films exhibit long-lived THz dynamics that depends on the composition and structure of the films. The optimum composition for charge transfer within composite films is observed for a ~1:1 blend of ZnPc with C₆₀ and a 4:1 blend of P3HT with Phenyl C₆₁ Butyric Acid Methyl Ester (PCBM) while an increase in charge photo-generation with decreasing layer thickness (2 nm) exhibits the strongest THz signal. These findings parallel results for FET polymer transistor devices pointing to the advantage of optically measuring material properties before device test.

Proceedings Article | 16 October 2009 Paper

Carrier dynamics of composite and nanolayered films of zinc phthalocyanine and C60 measured by time-resolved terahertz spectroscopy

Paul Lane, Joseph Melinger, Okan Esenturk, Edwin Heilweil

Proceedings Volume 7416, 74161Z (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.845719

KEYWORDS: Terahertz radiation, Composites, Absorption, Picosecond phenomena, Organic photovoltaics, Absorbance, Carrier dynamics, Terahertz spectroscopy, Solar cells, Heterojunctions

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Proceedings Article | 1 October 2008 Paper

Organic photovoltaic cells based on functionalized pentacenes

Paul Lane, Leonidas Palilis, Gary Kushto, Zakya Kafafi, Balaji Purushothaman, John Anthony

Proceedings Volume 7052, 70521J (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.813527

KEYWORDS: Resistance, Organic photovoltaics, Solar cells, Silicon, Absorption, Heterojunctions, Molecules, Solids, Quantum efficiency, Ionization

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2008 Paper

Gradient index polymer optics

G. Beadie, E. Fleet, A. Rosenberg, Paul Lane, James Shirk, A. Kamdar, M. Ponting, A. Hiltner, E. Baer

Proceedings Volume 7061, 706113 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.795906

KEYWORDS: GRIN lenses, Modulation transfer functions, Polymers, Glasses, Gradient-index optics, Monochromatic aberrations, Spatial frequencies, Image quality, Refractive index, Polishing

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2007 Paper

Origin of efficient hole injection from conducting polymer anodes into organic light-emitting diodes

Paul Lane, Paul Brewer, Gary Kushto, Zakya Kafafi, John de Mello

Proceedings Volume 6643, 664307 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.742676

KEYWORDS: Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Electroluminescence, Light emitting diodes, Quantum efficiency, Ionization, External quantum efficiency, Barium, Interfaces, Aluminum

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Proceedings Article | 9 October 2005 Paper

Energy transfer and excitation migration in doped organic semiconductors

Paul Lane, Mason Wolak, Joseph Melinger, Rachel Williamson, Leonidas Palilis, Jared Delcamp, John Anthony, Zakya Kafafi

Proceedings Volume 5937, 593709 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.624411

KEYWORDS: Energy transfer, Luminescence, Molecules, Excitons, Solids, Molecular energy transfer, Diffusion, Quantum efficiency, Composites, Fluorescence resonance energy transfer

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 2004 Paper

Electromodulation studies of a polyfluorene light-emitting diode

Paul Lane, Paul Brewer, Donal Bradley, Andrew de Mello, John de Mello

Proceedings Volume 5519, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.563257

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Light emitting diodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Polymers, Modulation, Electroluminescence, Electrodes, Absorption, Solids, LED displays

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Proceedings Article | 8 September 2004 Paper

Field screening effects in polymer light emitting diodes

Paul Brewer, Paul Lane, Donal Bradley, Andrew deMello, John deMello

Proceedings Volume 5464, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.546904

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Light emitting diodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Modulation, Electroluminescence, Polymers, Laser beam diagnostics, Semiconductors, Spectroscopes, Neodymium

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Proceedings Article | 16 February 2004 Paper

Electric-field screening in polymer light-emitting diodes

Paul Lane, John De Mello, Robert Fletcher, Mark Bernius

Proceedings Volume 5214, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.521054

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Modulation, Polymers, Absorption, Electroluminescence, Electrons, Spectroscopy, Electrodes, Optical amplifiers

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Proceedings Article | 27 August 2003 Paper

Optical and electrical studies of modified conjugated polymer films

Stephen Lipson, Ashley Cadby, Jonathan Coleman, Paul Lane, Anna Drury, Diarmuid O'Brien, Donal Bradley, Werner Blau

Proceedings Volume 4876, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.464074

KEYWORDS: Polymers, Polarons, Absorption, Luminescence, Thin films, Light emitting diodes, Polymer thin films, Electrons, Excitons, Dielectric spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 25 June 2003 Paper

High-Q silica microsphere optical resonator sensors using stripline-pedestal antiresonant reflecting optical waveguide couplers

H. Tapalian, Juha-Pekka Laine, Paul Lane

Proceedings Volume 4969, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.499271

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Waveguides, Resonators, Silica, Integrated optics, Modulation, Thermal optics, Photodetectors, Optical resonators, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 19 May 2000 Paper

Studies of the internal electric field in organic light-emitting diodes and solar cells by electroabsorption spectroscopy

Paul Lane, Carsten Giebeler, S. Whitelegg, Simon Martin, Alasdair Campbell, Joern Rostalski, Dieter Meissner, Donal Bradley

Proceedings Volume 3939, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.386369

KEYWORDS: Light emitting diodes, Solar cells, Polymers, Interfaces, Electrodes, Organic light emitting diodes, Measurement devices, Organic photovoltaics, Solar energy, Absorption

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Proceedings Article | 1 December 1997 Paper

Electroabsorption spectroscopy of poly(m-phenylenevinylene-co-2,5-dioctoxy-p-phenylenevinylene) and related materials

Helen Mellor, Andreas Bleyer, Donal Bradley, Paul Lane, Simon Martin, Frank Rohlfing, Ali Tajbakhsh

Proceedings Volume 3145, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279289

KEYWORDS: Absorption, Polymers, Double sideband modulation, Spectroscopy, Signal detection, Sensors, Molecular spectroscopy, Polymethylmethacrylate, Monochromators, Tungsten

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Proceedings Article | 1 December 1997 Paper

Spin and spectral signatures of polaron pairs in pi-conjugated polymers

Paul Lane, Xing Wei, Z. Valy Vardeny

Proceedings Volume 3145, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279274

KEYWORDS: Polarons, Polymers, Magnetism, Excitons, Absorption, Microwave radiation, Quantum efficiency, Phase modulation, Picosecond phenomena, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 1 December 1997 Paper

Optical studies of ordered and disordered alpha-sexithiophene films

Paul Lane, Martin Liess, Z. Valy Vardeny, Jonathan Partee, B. Uhlhorn, Joseph Shinar, M. Ibrahim, Arthur Frank

Proceedings Volume 3145, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.279296

KEYWORDS: Polarons, Bipolarons, Absorption, Modulation, Magnetism, Thin films, Microwave radiation, Physics, Phase shift keying, Excitons

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Proceedings Article | 1 November 1997 Paper

Electromodulated photoinduced absorption: a new spectroscopy in -conjugated polymer/C60 blends

Martin Liess, Paul Lane, Zakya Kafafi, M. Hamaguchi, Masanori Ozaki, Katsumi Yoshino, Z. Valy Vardeny

Proceedings Volume 3142, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.293356

KEYWORDS: Polarons, Absorption, Excitons, Polarizability, Polymers, Modulation, Spectroscopy, Absorption spectroscopy, Polymer thin films, Luminescence

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Proceedings Article | 16 December 1996 Paper

Photoexcitation dynamics in C60-doped PPV under bias illumination

Paul Lane, Martin Liess, Xing Wei, Z. Valy Vardeny, Zakya Kafafi

Proceedings Volume 2854, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.262972

KEYWORDS: Polarons, Absorption, Polymers, Excitons, Magnetism, Modulation, Spectroscopy, Molecules, Composites, Phase modulation

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Proceedings Article | 8 December 1995 Paper

Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) studies of fullerene-doped pi-conjugated polymers

Joseph Shinar, P. Lane

Proceedings Volume 2530, (1995) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.228124

KEYWORDS: Polarons, Excitons, Doping, Magnetism, Polymers, Fullerenes, Resonance enhancement, Magnetic sensors, Phonons, Quenching (fluorescence)

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Proceedings Article | 28 November 1994 Paper

Photoluminescence and PL-detected magnetic resonance of C60 and C70

P. Lane, Joseph Shinar

Proceedings Volume 2284, (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.196133

KEYWORDS: Excitons, Molecules, Glasses, Magnetism, Luminescence, Fullerenes, Polarons, Phosphorescence, Photonics, Photopolymerization

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Showing 5 of 30 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (17)

SPIE Conference Volume | 21 September 2021

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XXII

SPIE Conference Volume | 8 September 2020

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XXI

SPIE Conference Volume | 4 November 2019

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XX

SPIE Conference Volume | 24 October 2018

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XIX

SPIE Conference Volume | 18 October 2017

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XVIII

Showing 5 of 17 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (24)

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XXII

3 August 2021 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XXI

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Physical Chemistry of Semiconductor Materials and Interfaces XIX

24 August 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XX

13 August 2019 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XIX

20 August 2018 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic, Hybrid, and Perovskite Photovoltaics XVIII

6 August 2017 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XVII

30 August 2016 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XVI

11 August 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XV

19 August 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XIV

27 August 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XIII

14 August 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XII

23 August 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics XI

3 August 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics X

3 August 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics IX

12 August 2008 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics VIII

28 August 2007 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics VII

15 August 2006 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics VI

2 August 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics VI

2 August 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices IX

31 July 2005 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Photovoltaics V

4 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VIII

2 August 2004 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Organic Photovoltaics IV

7 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Organic Light-Emitting Materials and Devices VII

4 August 2003 | San Diego, California, United States

Showing 5 of 24 Conference Committees

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