Imaging spectroscopic technique has been used for the mineral and rock geological mapping and
alteration information extraction successfully with many reasonable results, but it is mainly used in arid
and semi-arid land with low vegetation covering. In the case of the high vegetation covering, the
outcrop of the altered rocks is small and distributes sparsely, the altered rocks is difficult to be
identified directly. The target detection technique using imaging spectroscopic data should be
introduced to the extraction of small geological targets under high vegetation covering area. In the
paper, we take Ding-Ma gold deposit as the study area which located in Zhenan country, Shanxi
province, the spectral features of the targets and the backgrounds are studied and analyzed using the
field reflectance spectra, in addition to the study of the principle of the algorithms, some target
detection algorithms which is appropriate to the small geological target detection are introduced. At last,
the small altered rock targets under the covering of vegetation in forest are detected and discriminated
in imaging spectroscopy data with the methods of spectral angle mapper (SAM), Constrained Energy
Minimization (CEM) and Adaptive Cosine Estimator (ACE). The detection results are reasonable and
indicate the ability of target detection algorithms in geological target detection in the forest area.
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