Described are the prospects for broadband optical refrigeration based on Raman scattering of incoherent light. Laser pumped rare earth fluorescence has been demonstrated and commercial applications are sure to follow. Broadband refrigeration requires strong Raman scattering and large Raman shift. Also required are spectral management and photonic patterning to offset the unfavorable anti-Stoke’s to Stoke’s shift ratio. Materials such as diamond, silicon, and a number of molecular systems are ideal and have low absorption. Optics splits the broadband spectrum into light and dark bands with width corresponding to the Raman shift. Broadband spectrums where photon flux decreases with increasing photon energy are ideal. By tailoring the incoming spectrum, by utilizing extremely transparent strong Raman shift materials and by photonic inhibition of Stoke’s shifted light the prospect become feasible. The Raman optical cross- section increases with decreasing particle size (until the particle become too small to support the Raman-phonons). Where conservation of phonon states in these truncated Brillioun-zone particles requires an increased density (number/cm3) of the allowed-states to compensate for states lost to particle size. Nonetheless, the anti-Stokes to Stokes ratio is approximately one-to-two at laboratory temperature. Thin film deposited diamond is an excellent candidate for refrigeration applications due to its high transparency small grain size and its large Raman magnitude and large shift. Simple one-dimensional photonic structures selectively inhibit the Stoke’s shifted light making refrigeration possible.
Spectral management and diffusive light transport enables plants to both survive on extremely low irradiance and also to survive long enough under extreme temperature and pressure to leave imprints in super-heated impact glasses. These properties are related to structures wherein a low density of light absorbent particles are embedded in a light scattering and spectral selective reflective matrix. This marvelous diffusive light engineering has wide-ranging applications based on bio-mimicry. Where, environmentally sensitive radiative-to-non-radiative lifetime ratios increase the photon flux to the chlorophyll molecules best positioned for favorable photochemistry and for preservation under extreme conditions. The embedding of absorptive particles within a transparent scattering matrix has far reaching intriguing applications. Included is the extreme heating of light absorbent particles within a relatively cold matrix. Interestingly, the hot absorbent particle-cold matrix condition is critical for the efficient extreme heating of small particles. Here the potential of non-equilibrium passive diffusive light collection will consider be explored using one of the most challenging application extreme particle heating for controlled nuclear fusion.
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