Prof. Robert A. Lamb Profile

Prof. Robert A. Lamb

Chief Technical Officer at Leonardo

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Program Committee | Conference Chair | Editor | Author

Profile Summary

Robert Lamb began his career with the UK MoD 1986 developing high power solid state lasers using phase conjugation with stimulated Brillouin scattering and multi-wavelength lasers with stimulated Raman scattering. He later began the first work on the use of time correlated single photon counting for long range lidar, rangefinding, target identification and ultra-low light level sensing. He is now the Chief Technologist for Electro-optics at Leonardo with responsibility for future technology investment and applied research in lasers and photonics.

Publications (28)

Proceedings Article | 23 September 2020 Presentation

Presentation

Commercialisation of Quantum Technology: Panel Discussion

Sara Diegoli, Simon Bennett, Timothy Spiller, Trevor Cross, Robert Lamb, Anke Lohmann

Proceedings Volume 11573, 1157301 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2582383

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Proceedings Article | 20 September 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Stress induced birefringence of glass-to-metal bonded components

Samuel Hann, Nathan MaCleod, Paulina Morawska, Adrian Dzipalski, Richard Carter, Ian Elder, Robert Lamb, M.J. Daniel Esser, Duncan Hand

Proceedings Volume 11540, 115400W (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2574219

KEYWORDS: Birefringence, Ultrafast phenomena, Laser welding, Catalysis, Pulsed laser operation, Interfaces, Adhesives, Laser bonding, Statistical analysis, Glasses

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Proceedings Article | 20 September 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Analysis of deep learning architectures for turbulence mitigation in long-range imagery

David Vint, Gaetano Di Caterina, John Soraghan, Robert Lamb, David Humphreys

Proceedings Volume 11543, 1154303 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2573927

KEYWORDS: Turbulence, Signal processing, Image analysis, Atmospheric optics, Cameras, Image quality, Image restoration, Imaging systems, Refraction, Optical sensors

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2019 Presentation

Presentation

Metalenses with f-numbers 0.5 to 5 for NIR applications (Conference Presentation)

Mitchell Kenney, James Grant, Danni Hao, Kevin Docherty, Gordon Mills, Graham Jeffrey, Donald MacLeod, David Henry, Peter MacKay, Marc Sorel, Robert Lamb, David R. Cumming

Proceedings Volume 11163, 111630B (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2538216

KEYWORDS: Near infrared, Amorphous silicon, Electron beam lithography, Silica, Lens design, Metamaterials, Nanostructuring, Dielectrics, Refractive index, Absorption

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Metasurfaces, which are the 2D version of metamaterials, have revolutionised compact optics. Using subwavelength periodic nanostructured dielectrics, the refractive index and absorption properties of metasurfaces can manipulate light to a degree surpassing conventional bulk materials. Using metasurfaces, the phase, polarization, spin (for circularly polarised light), amplitude and wavelength of light can all be arbitrarily tailored to imitate a lens, which we refer to as a metalens (ML). MLs allow a larger choice of materials for optical components and have five major advantages over traditional refractive lenses – superior resolution, miniaturisation, lighter weight, multifunctionality and cost. In recent years, numerous metasurfaces with useful functionalities have been proposed, and although novel in their approach they still have very few real-world applications. One such application is within infrared laser systems, which have real-world use such as laser designators. In this work, we demonstrate polarisation-insensitive metalenses working at λ = 1064 nm, with a d = 1 mm aperture size and four different F-numbers (f# = 0.5 - 5). The lenses are made using amorphous silicon (a-Si) pillars on top of a fused silica substrate, in order to function with a high efficiency (>60%) and little loss – where previous metal-based (plasmonic) metalens devices suffered from low efficiency (<10%) and high loss. The a-Si pillars range from 70-360 nm diameter atop a fused silica substrate, which are fabricated using electron beam lithography (EBL) and reactive ion etching processes. The characterised lenses are shown to have almost diffraction-limited focal spot sizes, agreeing with the theoretical values of λ.f/d, and focussing efficiencies of 60%. Furthermore, we have designed large area lenses with aperture d = 10 mm, where the number of pillars per lens exceeds 550 million. By using an efficient Python script, we are able to make these 100 mm2 samples with just 14 hours of EBL writing time. The 10 mm lenses have focal lengths of 5 mm and 20 mm (F-numbers of 0.5 and 2 respectively). Such large area lenses are of considerable interest to many commercial applications where superior resolution and a light weight are beneficial, including laser designators/targeting, airborne and aerospace applications, as well as handheld devices.

Proceedings Article | 21 June 2019 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Large area metasurface lenses in the NIR region

Mitchell Kenney, James Grant, Danni Hao, Kevin Docherty, Gordon Mills, Graham Jeffrey, Donald Macleod, David Henry, Peter MacKay, Marc Sorel, Robert Lamb, David R. Cumming

Proceedings Volume 11057, 110570C (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2527157

KEYWORDS: Lenses, Electron beam lithography, Dielectrics, Amorphous silicon, Near infrared, Nanostructures, Refractive index, Plasmonics, Nanolithography, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 4 October 2018 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

Demonstration of time-of-flight technique with all-optical modulation and MCT detection in SWIR/MWIR range

Rihan Wu, Jack Collins, Christopher Burgess, Robert Lamb, Andrey Kaplan

Proceedings Volume 10799, 1079904 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2500326

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Sensors, Dispersion, Modulators, Picosecond phenomena, Signal detection, Femtosecond phenomena, Transmittance

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Proceedings Article | 14 May 2018 Presentation

Presentation

Analysis of three-dimensional scenes using photon-starved data in cluttered target scenarios (Conference Presentation)

Julian Tachella, Yoann Altmann, Aurora Maccarone, Agata Pawlikowska, Aongus McCarthy, Robert Lamb, Jean-Yves Tourneret, Stephen McLaughlin, Gerald Buller

Proceedings Volume 10650, 1065007 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2305493

KEYWORDS: 3D acquisition, Photons, 3D modeling, LIDAR, Reflectivity, Monte Carlo methods, Target recognition, Target detection, Object recognition

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Proceedings Article | 8 May 2018 Paper

Paper

A computational approach to hyperspectral imaging for long-range target identification

Simon Vary, Andrew Thompson, David Humphreys, Jared Tanner, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 10644, 106440Q (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2305306

KEYWORDS: Spatial resolution, Image filtering, 3D image processing, Optical filters, Visible radiation, Target recognition, Image restoration, Spectral resolution, Polarimetry, Hyperspectral imaging

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For long range targeting, the limited focal length and aperture size associated with compact imaging sensors for airborne operation limit both the spatial resolution and the image brightness. This presents a serious challenge to the identification and tracking of targets. Algorithms that derive target shape and track movement through a scene require a resolved image and use pixel contrast to discriminate the target image from the background. This is of limited use when practical deployment demands the use of compact imaging systems with necessarily limited spatial resolution.

To address this we consider a 2D mosaic filters sampling scheme to acquire an incomplete multispectral data cube on a single frame readout from a focal plane array. Specifically, the sparse data cube contains 4 x 4 spatial cells and 16 wavebands with each waveband sampled once per cell; this corresponds to a 1/16 undersampling of the data cube. Complete multispectral images are then computed using compressed sensing protocols.

Results obtained using hyperspectral datasets from AVIRIS and Stanford University (SCIEN) are presented to demonstrate image reconstruction using 16 wavebands in the visible and near infrared. The function of the mosaic filter is mimicked by sampling the full dataset according to the design of a theoretical mosaic filter. This allows us to investigate different sampling strategies and, in particular, make a direct comparison between random and regular sampling. Our results show that the reconstruction error is strongly dependent on both the colour content and the sampling strategy in the test images, and that very good reconstruction can be achieved approaching the spatial resolution of the original image. Our results can be applied to both the MWIR and LWIR where the lower spectral resolution means that a smaller number of wavebands is likely to be sufficient for identification and tracking. The concept can also be extended to polarimetric imaging with a suitable polarimetric filter mask to provide a dual-mode polarimetric-multispectral imaging capability. This paper presents an overview of the technical approach and the general conclusions.

Proceedings Article | 27 December 2016 Presentation

Presentation

2.1 um high-power laser diode beam combining (Conference Presentation)

Antoine P. Berrou, Ian Elder, Robert Lamb, M. J. Daniel Esser

Proceedings Volume 9989, 998906 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2241422

KEYWORDS: Diodes, Semiconductor lasers, Atmospheric propagation, High power lasers, Laser countermeasures, Laser systems engineering, Collimation, Laser safety, Beam propagation method, Eye

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Laser power and brightness scaling, in “eye safe” atmospheric transmission windows, is driving laser system research and development. High power lasers with good beam quality, at wavelength around 2.1 µm, are necessary for optical countermeasure applications. For such applications, focusing on efficiency and compactness of the system is mandatory. In order to cope with these requirements, one must consider the use of laser diodes which emit directly in the desired spectral region. The challenge for these diodes is to maintain a good beam quality factor as the output power increases. 2 µm diodes with excellent beam quality in both axes are available with output powers of ~100 mW. Therefore, in order to reach multi-watt of average output power, broad-area single emitters and beam combining becomes relevant. Different solutions have been implemented in the 1.9 to 2 µm wavelength range, one of which is to stack multiple emitter bars reaching more than one hundred watt, while another is a fibre coupled diode module. The beam propagation factor of these systems is too high for long atmospheric propagation applications. Here we describe preliminary results on non-coherent beam combining of 2.1 µm high power Fabry-Perot GaSb laser diodes supplied by Brolis Semiconductors Ltd. First we evaluated single mode diodes (143 mW) with good beam quality (M2 < 1.5 for slow axis and < 1.1 for fast axis). Then we characterized broad-area single emitter diodes (808 mW) with an electrical-to-optical efficiency of 19 %. The emitter width was 90 µm with a cavity length of 1.5 mm. In our experiments we found that the slow axis multimode output beam consisted of two symmetric lobes with a total full width at half maximum (FWHM) divergence angle of 25 degrees, corresponding to a calculated beam quality factor of M2 = 25. The fast axis divergence was specified to be 44 degrees, with an expected beam quality factor close to the diffraction limit, which informed our selection of collimation lenses used in the experiment. We evaluated two broadband (1.8 - 3 µm) AR coated Geltech aspheric lenses with focal lengths of 1.87 mm and 4 mm, with numerical apertures of 0.85 and 0.56, respectively, as an initial collimation lens, followed by an additional cylindrical lens of focal length 100 mm for fully collimating the slow axis. Using D-shaped gold-coated mirrors, multiple single emitter beams are stacked in the fast axis direction with the objective that the combined beam has a beam propagation factor in the stacking direction close to the beam propagation factor of the slow axis of a single emitter, e.g. M2 of 20 to 25 in both axes. We further found that the output beam of a single emitter is highly linearly polarized along the slow axis, making it feasible to implement polarization beam combining techniques to increase the beam power by a factor two while maintaining the same beam quality. Along with full beam characterization, a power scaling strategy towards a multi-watt output power beam combining laser system will be presented.

Proceedings Article | 25 October 2016 Paper

Paper

Picosecond laser bonding of highly dissimilar materials

Richard Carter, Michael Troughton, Jianyong Chen, Ian Elder, Robert Thomson, Robert Lamb, M. J. Daniel Esser, Duncan Hand

Proceedings Volume 9992, 999207 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2242039

KEYWORDS: Picosecond phenomena, Interfaces, Absorption, Plasma, Laser bonding, Glasses, Silica, Laser welding, Ultrafast lasers, Metals

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Proceedings Article | 16 March 2016 Paper

Paper

Mid-IR laser source using hollow waveguide beam combining

Ian Elder, Daniel Thorne, Robert Lamb, R. Jenkins

Proceedings Volume 9726, 972601 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2208012

KEYWORDS: Hollow waveguides, Quantum cascade lasers, Optical circuits, Mid-IR, Integrated optics, Waveguides, Laser sources, Laser applications, Wave propagation, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 4 March 2016 Paper

Paper

Picosecond laser welding of optical to metal components

Richard Carter, Michael Troughton, Jinanyong Chen, Ian Elder, Robert Thomson, Robert Lamb, M. J. Daniel Esser, Duncan Hand

Proceedings Volume 9736, 973615 (2016) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213227

KEYWORDS: Glasses, Interfaces, Silica, Metals, Plasma, Picosecond phenomena, Absorption, Aluminum, Laser welding, Laser optics

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Proceedings Article | 4 November 2014 Paper

Paper

Long-range 3D single-photon imaging lidar system

Agata Pawlikowska, Roger Pilkington, Karen Gordon, Philip Hiskett, Gerald Buller, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 9250, 925007 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2066837

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mirrors, Data acquisition, Imaging systems, LIDAR, Pulsed laser operation, Signal detection, 3D image processing, 3D acquisition, Single photon detectors

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Proceedings Article | 5 June 2014 Paper

Paper

Advanced 3D imaging lidar concepts for long range sensing

K. Gordon, P. Hiskett, R. Lamb

Proceedings Volume 9114, 91140G (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051013

KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Profiling, Imaging systems, 3D acquisition, Turbulence, Photon counting, Single photon, Stereoscopy, 3D metrology, Polarimetry

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 2014 Paper

Paper

Long range 3D imaging with a 32x32 Geiger mode InGaAs/InP camera

Philip Hiskett, Karen Gordon, Jeremy Copley, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 9114, 91140I (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050540

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Pulsed laser operation, Imaging systems, Clocks, Photography, Clouds, LIDAR, Sensors, 3D acquisition, Data acquisition

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Proceedings Article | 28 May 2014 Paper

Paper

Underwater optical communications with a single photon-counting system

Philip Hiskett, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 9114, 91140P (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2050563

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Sensors, Signal attenuation, Telecommunications, Photons, Transmitters, Optical communications, Semiconductor lasers, Ocean optics, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 19 November 2012 Paper

Paper

A photon-counting optical communication system for underwater data transfer

Philip Hiskett, Robert Struthers, Roy Tatton, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 8542, 854214 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974938

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Clocks, Transmitters, Sensors, Signal attenuation, Telecommunications, Water, Scattering, Pulsed laser operation, Single photon detectors

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Proceedings Article | 19 November 2012 Paper

Paper

Evaluation of image deblurring methods via a classification metric

Daniele Perrone, David Humphreys, Robert Lamb, Paolo Favaro

Proceedings Volume 8542, 854215 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.979199

KEYWORDS: Image quality, Optical character recognition, Detection and tracking algorithms, Image restoration, Visualization, Machine vision, Computer vision technology, Image classification, Image analysis, Deconvolution

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Proceedings Article | 14 November 2012 Paper

Paper

A hollow waveguide integrated optic QCL beam combiner

Ian Elder, Robert Lamb, Richard Jenkins

Proceedings Volume 8543, 854306 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974294

KEYWORDS: Hollow waveguides, Quantum cascade lasers, Waveguides, Tolerancing, Integrated optics, Laser sources, Design for manufacturability, Mid-IR, Optics manufacturing, Optical alignment

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Proceedings Article | 8 November 2012 Paper

Paper

Modelling of self phase modulation for broadband DIRCM lasers

Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 8543, 85430K (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.971200

KEYWORDS: Scanning probe microscopy, Mid-IR, Directed infrared countermeasures, Quantum cascade lasers, Phase modulation, Atmospheric propagation, Mode locking, Glasses, Waveguides, Fourier transforms

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Efficient laser emission in the medium wave infrared (MWIR) is a long established requirement for directed infrared countermeasures (DIRCM). However, until the last decade, there has not been a viable technology for the direct generation of wavelengths in the 3-5μm region and instead indirect methods using optical parametric conversion have been the subject of intense development. Several indirect methods have been developed using different pump wavelengths which represent mature laser technology. For example, 1.54μm from Er:YAG or non-linear conversion from Nd:YAG (1.064μm); 2.1μm from Ho derived from Tm at 1.97μm, or co-doped Ho:Tm in a fibre. These approaches produce the required pump wavelength for efficient 3-5μm generation using either ZGP or OPGaAs [1], however, they are less efficient than direct generation by quantum cascade lasers (QCL). The direct conversion from electrical to optical energy in a QCL is very efficient; wall-plug efficiencies of <10%, depending on wavelength and operating temperature, are typical. High efficiency, together with the high average powers that are now commercially available suggests that the QCL is an attractive laser for DIRCM.

However, as protection measures and signal processing techniques advance, one can anticipate that the requirement for sophisticated laser emission in the MWIR becomes more refined. In particular, broadband emission covering a wider, continuous, spectral region will prove harder to counter than that from a few discrete wavelengths. A supercontinuum has been suggested as a possible mechanism for broadband emission. In most investigations into supercontinuum generation, the emphasis has been on producing a wide, flat spectrum covering several hundred nanometres in the visible, near and short wave infrared for stand-off spectroscopic sensing of chemical agents, atmospheric sensing or hyperspectral sensing. These supercontinua are characterised by a spectral bandwidth to pump wavelength ratio of, δλ/λ_p<1 for a pump wavelength λ_p in the visible or near infrared. In most applications, the simultaneous generation of a wide spectrum is not required; instead a tuned output suffices. This has the added benefit of improving the efficiency of the laser sensor system since wavelengths which are not required, are not generated. The problem is to understand how a limited continuum might be generated. In the context of DIRCM, the spectral requirement is to produce a controlled spectral emission which matches the 3-5μm atmospheric transmission window.

In this paper, a theoretical calculation is presented which shows that a continuous spectrum spanning a few hundred nanometres in the mid infrared (δλ/λ_p~0.2) can be generated in a simple pump geometry from a mode-locked, ultra-short pulse train using self phase modulation (SPM). Spectral broadening centered on the CO₂ absorption band at 4.26μm can be excited to produce all wavelengths for emission in band IV DIRCM. The parameters which affect the spectral output such as pulse power, interaction length, pulse duration and pulse shape are considered for the case where the pump geometry is a collimated beam propagating through a mid infrared glass characterised by a non-linear refractive index n₂. The prospects for developing a suitable pump laser are also discussed, in particular, the possibility of using a modelocked QCL.

Proceedings Article | 24 October 2012 Paper

Paper

A novel snapshot polarimetric imager

Gerald Wong, Ciaran McMaster, Robert Struthers, Alistair Gorman, Peter Sinclair, Robert Lamb, Andrew Harvey

Proceedings Volume 8541, 85410G (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.974824

KEYWORDS: Polarimetry, Polarization, Photonic integrated circuits, Prisms, Imaging systems, Beam splitters, Wave plates, Staring arrays, Visualization, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 13 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Design considerations for high-altitude altimetry and lidar systems incorporating single-photon avalanche diode detectors

P. Hiskett, R. Lamb

Proceedings Volume 8033, 80330F (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.883871

KEYWORDS: Pulsed laser operation, Sensors, LIDAR, Receivers, Reflectivity, Target detection, Spatial resolution, Laser energy, Airborne laser technology, Semiconductor lasers

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Proceedings Article | 28 April 2010 Paper

Paper

A technology review of time-of-flight photon counting for advanced remote sensing

Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 7681, 768107 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852138

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Ranging, Photon counting, Data acquisition, Sensors, Single photon, Photodetectors, Target detection, LIDAR, Pulsed laser operation

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Proceedings Article | 26 September 2009 Paper

Paper

A review of ultra-short pulse lasers for military remote sensing and rangefinding

Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 7483, 748308 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.835440

KEYWORDS: Remote sensing, Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Data acquisition, Pulsed laser operation, Imaging systems, Hyperspectral imaging, Dispersion, Single photon, Photon counting

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Proceedings Article | 29 April 2009 Paper

Paper

A photon-counting time-of-flight ranging technique developed for the avoidance of range ambiguity at gigahertz clock rates

Philip Hiskett, Aongus McCarthy, Robert Lamb, Gerald Buller

Proceedings Volume 7320, 732002 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818455

KEYWORDS: Clocks, Ranging, Single photon, Photons, Pulsed laser operation, Telescopes, Vertical cavity surface emitting lasers, Pattern recognition, Sensors, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 5 October 2007 Paper

Paper

Ranging and three-dimensional imaging using time-correlated single-photon counting

Gerald Buller, Andrew Wallace, Aongus McCarthy, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 6737, 673702 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736655

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Detection and tracking algorithms, Semiconductor lasers, Ranging, 3D image processing, Signal processing, Single photon detectors, 3D acquisition, Photon counting, Pulsed laser operation

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Proceedings Article | 1 November 2005 Paper

Paper

Characterisation and control of white-light supercontinuum filaments in condensed media: application to remote sensing

Kevin Cook, Ajoy Kar, Robert Lamb

Proceedings Volume 5984, 598406 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.631640

KEYWORDS: Remote sensing, Glasses, Cameras, Refractive index, Microlens array, CCD cameras, Diffraction, Pulsed laser operation, Near field diffraction, Scanning probe microscopy

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Proceedings Article | 23 December 2004 Paper

Paper

Phase stability and diffraction effects in self-focused white-light filaments in water and glass

Robert Lamb, Kevin Cook, Ajoy Kar

Proceedings Volume 5620, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.578075

KEYWORDS: Diffraction, Glasses, Cameras, Remote sensing, Wavefronts, Near field diffraction, Femtosecond phenomena, Prisms, Kerr effect, Refractive index

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Showing 5 of 28 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (7)

SPIE Conference Volume | 18 October 2023

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VIII

SPIE Conference Volume | 7 December 2022

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VII

SPIE Conference Volume | 5 October 2021

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VI

SPIE Conference Volume | 14 October 2020

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence V; and Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Micro- and Nanosystems in Security and Defence III

SPIE Conference Volume | 4 November 2019

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence IV

Showing 5 of 7 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (38)

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XIX

13 April 2025 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence IX

17 September 2024 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVIII

23 April 2024 | National Harbor, Maryland, United States

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VIII

5 September 2023 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Electro-optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XX

3 September 2023 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVII

2 May 2023 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Electro-optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XIX

6 September 2022 | Berlin, Germany

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VII

5 September 2022 | Berlin, Germany

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XVI

5 April 2022 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Electro-optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XVIII and Electro-Optical Remote Sensing XV

13 September 2021 | Online Only, Spain

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence VI

13 September 2021 | Online Only, Spain

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XV

12 April 2021 | Online Only, Florida, United States

Electro-optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XVII

22 September 2020 | Online Only, United Kingdom

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies for Security and Defence V; Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Micro- and Nanosystems in Security and Defence III

21 September 2020 | Online Only, United Kingdom

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XIV

27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications XVI

11 September 2019 | Strasbourg, France

Emerging Technologies IV

11 September 2019 | Strasbourg, France

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XIII

17 April 2019 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Emerging Technologies

12 September 2018 | Berlin, Germany

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications

12 September 2018 | Berlin, Germany

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XII

18 April 2018 | Orlando, FL, United States

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications

13 September 2017 | Warsaw, Poland

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies

13 September 2017 | Warsaw, Poland

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques XI

12 April 2017 | Anaheim, CA, United States

Emerging Imaging and Sensing Technologies

28 September 2016 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications

28 September 2016 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques X

20 April 2016 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications

22 September 2015 | Toulouse, France

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IX

22 April 2015 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications

23 September 2014 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Emerging Technologies

23 September 2014 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques VIII

7 May 2014 | Baltimore, MD, United States

Emerging Technologies

25 September 2013 | Dresden, Germany

Electro-Optical and Infrared Systems: Technology and Applications X

23 September 2013 | Dresden, Germany

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques VII

1 May 2013 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Emerging Technologies

24 September 2012 | Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques VI

25 April 2012 | Baltimore, Maryland, United States

Advanced Photon Counting Techniques V

27 April 2011 | Orlando, Florida, United States

Showing 5 of 38 Conference Committees

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