With the increased need for low power applications, designers are being forced to employ circuit optimization
methods that make tradeoffs between performance and power. In this paper, we propose a novel transistor-level
optimization method. Instead of drawing the transistor channel as a perfect rectangle, this method involves
reshaping the channel to create an optimized device that is superior in both delay and leakage to the original
device. The method exploits the unequal drive and leakage current distributions across the transistor channel to find
an optimal non-rectangular shape for the channel. In this work we apply this technique to circuit-level leakage
reduction. By replacing every transistor in a circuit with its optimally shaped counterpart, we achieve 5% savings in
leakage on average for a set of benchmark circuits, with no delay penalty. This improvement is achieved without
any additional circuit optimization iterations, and is well suited to fit into existing design flows.
Today's design flows sign-off performance and power prior to application of resolution enhancement techniques (RETs). Together with process variations, RETs can lead to substantial difference between post-layout and on-silicon performance and power. Lithography simulation enables estimation of on-silicon feature sizes at different process conditions. However, current lithography simulation tools are completely shape-based and not connected to the design in any way. This prevents designers from estimating on-silicon performance and power and consequently most chips are designed for pessimistic worst-cases. In this paper we present a novel methodology that uses the result of lithography simulation for estimation of performance and power of a design using standard device- and chip-level analysis tools. The key challenge addressed by our methodology is to transform shapes generated by lithography simulation to a form that is acceptable by standard analysis tools such that electrical properties are preserved. Our approach is sufficiently fast to be run full-chip on all layers of a large design. We observe that while the difference in power and performance estimates at post-layout and on-silicon is small at ideal process conditions, it increases
substantially at non-ideal process conditions. With our RET recipes, linewidths tend to decrease with defocus for most patterns. According to the proposed analyses of layouts litho-simulated at 100nm defocus, leakage increases by up to 68%, setup time improves by up to 14%, and dynamic power reduces by up to 2%. The key challenge addressed by our methodology is to transform shapes generated by lithography simulation to a form that is acceptable by standard analysis tools such that electrical properties are preserved. Our approach is sufficiently fast to be run full-chip on all layers of a large design. We observe that while the difference in power and performance estimates at post-layout and on-silicon is small at ideal process conditions, it increases substantially at non-ideal process conditions. With our RET recipes, linewidths tend to decrease with defocus for most patterns. According to the proposed analyses of layouts litho-simulated at 100nm defocus, leakage increases by up to 68%, setup time improves by up to 14%, and dynamic power reduces by up to 2%.
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