A model for the complex transmittivity of tree crowns in the microwave band is proposed. Experimental
technique and results of measurements of the tree branches complex transmittivity (module and phase) in the
frequency band 0.8-8 GHz are presented. It is noted that an abnormal frequency dispersion of the refractive
index is observed in the experiment that is connected with the resonance attenuation by branches.
In this paper, a scheme of a subpicosecond dispersion range-finder is proposed and an estimate of the precision of rangefinding
for large distances in open atmosphere using this device is performed. Using subpicosecond pulses allows us not
only to improve range-finding precision, but also to eliminate the effect of air refractive index indeterminacy on the path
of propagation quite effectively.
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