Conventional imaging apparatus, composed of lenses and camera, are limited to recording light intensity. Nevertheless, the phase of light has the potential to transmit more information than its intensity. Unfortunately, the acquisition of phase information generally demands the incorporation of sophisticated and unwieldy optical elements. Here, we propose a single-shot complex amplitude imaging meta-optics system capable of capturing both amplitude and phase information of the light field. By leveraging the versatility and adaptability of metasurface, a compact imaging configuration, comprising of just one single-layer metalens and one off-the-shelf polarization camera, can uniquely determine phase and amplitude from the shearing interference patterns in the four polarization channels based on polarization phase-shifting method. We experimentally demonstrate a variety of applications including surface topography measurement, metasurface phase characterization and quantitative phase microscopy with high accuracy. The results showcase promising and potential advancements in miniaturized complex amplitude imaging systems and portable applications .
Optical metasurfaces are endowed with unparallel flexibility to manipulate the light field with a subwavelength spatial resolution. Coupling metasurfaces to materials with strong optical nonlinearity may allow ultrafast spatiotemporal light field modulation. However, most metasurfaces demonstrated thus far are linear devices. Here, we experimentally demonstrate simultaneous spatiotemporal laser mode control using a single-layer plasmonic metasurface strongly coupled to an epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) material within a fiber laser cavity. While the geometric phase of the metasurface is utilized to convert the laser’s transverse mode from a Gaussian beam to a vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum, the giant nonlinear saturable absorption of the ENZ material enables pulsed laser generation via the Q-switching process. The direct integration of a spatiotemporal metasurface in a laser cavity may pave the way for the development of miniaturized laser sources with tailored spatial and temporal profiles, which can be useful for numerous applications, such as superresolution imaging, high-density optical storage, and three-dimensional laser lithography.
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