Mr. Steen Hickethier Profile

Steen Hickethier

at Technische Univ Ilmenau

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Proceedings Article | 27 February 2019 Presentation + Paper

Low-spatter high speed welding by use of local shielding gas flows

Leander Schmidt, Steen Hickethier, Klaus Schricker, Jean Pierre Bergmann

Proceedings Volume 10911, 109110V (2019) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2507024

KEYWORDS: Argon, Helium, Nitrogen, Metals, Gases, Visualization, Fluid dynamics, Laser welding, Turbulence, Image processing

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Spatter formation is a major issue in deep penetration welding with solid state lasers at high welding speeds from 8 up to 20 m/min. One approach to describe spatter formation is based on the assumption of an unstable keyhole. This leads to a temporary constriction of the keyhole due to the melt pool whereby the keyhole pressure increases. Finally, the keyhole collapses and spattering occurs. Therefore, the stabilization of the capillary is a possible way to limit spatter formation. For this purpose, several potential solutions have been tested in the past. However, investigations regarding a precisely local adjustable shielding gas flow on the keyhole stability under the condition of high welding speeds (≥ 8 m/min) is not given in the state of the art yet. To investigate these interactions, a shielding gas supply was developed, which can be adjusted in four axes with a reproducibility of 0.02 mm. Furthermore, the assembly was provided with a coaxial alignment laser for determining the interaction region of the gas. Under the processing of stainless steel (1.4301), different flow rates of argon, helium and nitrogen were tested. Additionally, Schlieren videography was used to visualize the gas flow. The spatial orientation has been varied in angles from 20° up to 48°. The experiments were recorded by means of HV-camera and subsequently analyzed by image processing (number, velocity and trajectory of spatters). Thereby, it was possible to reduce spattering by up to 91 % at welding speeds of up to 16 m/min.

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